National Documentation Packages (NDPs) are lists of public documents that provide information on country conditions. Updates occur on a regular basis.
NDPs support the refugee determination process. They do not imply recognition of a particular territory's sovereignty or political status.
NDPs include Responses to Information Requests (RIRs) published by the IRB on its website which may have attachments that are inaccessible due to technical constraints and may include translations of documents originally written in languages other than English or French. To obtain a copy of such attachments and/or translated version of the
RIR attachments, please
email us.
Jurisprudential Guides Notes
Jurisprudential Guides Notes
On
July 28, 2022, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being a
Jurisprudential Guide:
-
Decision TC1 05038 – The proper interpretation of the ‘generalized risk’ exception to protection found at subparagraph 97(1)(b)(ii) of the Act, in claims for protection involving allegations of gang-targeting or other acts of criminality.
On
December 22, 2020, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being a
Jurisprudential Guide.
-
Decision MB8-00025 – This Jurisprudential Guide addresses, in applying Article 1E of the Refugee Convention, whether members should consider allegations of risk in a country of residence if they conclude that a refugee claimant has the rights and obligations which are attached to the possession of nationality in that country.
On
July 6, 2018, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being a
Jurisprudential Guide.
-
Decision TB7-19851 – Nigeria – This Jurisprudential Guide addresses internal flight alternatives in major cities in south and central Nigeria for claimants fleeing non-state actors.
Revoked
The country documentation referenced in each of these decisions has been included in s.16 of the updated National Documentation Packages published on July 10, 2018.
On
July 20, 2017, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being
Jurisprudential Guides.
-
Decision TB7-01837 – Pakistan – Whether the treatment experienced by Ahmadis in Pakistan amounts to persecution, whether state protection is available and whether there is a viable internal flight alternative.
-
Decision MB6-01059/60 – India – Availability of an internal flight alternative in India for claimants from Punjab.
Revoked
-
Decision TB6-11632 – China – Analysis of the efficacy of the Chinese national computer network known as the Golden Shield Project and its impact on whether a person wanted by the authorities can exit China via an airport using a genuine passport.
Revoked
The country documentation referenced in each of these decisions has been included in s.16 of the updated National Documentation Packages published on July 20, 2017.
Back
31 January 2023
UNITED STATES
List of Documents
1.
General Information and Maps
Source:
United States. Central Intelligence Agency.
Accessed Date:
14 November 2012
Title:
États-Unis. L'Encyclopédie en ligne.
Accessed Date:
25 January 2017
Title:
United States. The World Factbook.
Source:
United States. Central Intelligence Agency.
Date of Document:
12 January 2022
Accessed Date:
19 January 2022
Title:
United States Report: Sustainable Governance in the Context of the COVID-19 Crisis
Author:
Daniel Béland; Christian Lammert
Accessed Date:
10 January 2023
Title:
United States of America. Social Security Programs Throughout the World: The Americas, 2019.
Source:
United States. Social Security Administration.
Date of Document:
March 2020
Accessed Date:
11 January 2021
Title:
Présentation des États-Unis
Source:
France. Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères.
Date of Document:
22 December 2022
Accessed Date:
10 January 2023
Title:
United States. Freedom in the World 2022.
Accessed Date:
10 January 2023
Title:
United States of America. Amnesty International Report 2021/22: The State of the World's Human Rights.
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
29 March 2022
Accessed Date:
10 January 2023
Title:
United States. World Report 2022: Events of 2021.
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
January 2022
Accessed Date:
19 January 2022
Title:
Puerto Rico. Amnesty International Report 2021/22: The State of the World's Human Rights.
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
29 March 2022
Accessed Date:
10 January 2023
Title:
National report submitted in accordance with paragraph 5 of the annex to Human Rights Council resolution 16/21: United States of America
Code:
A/HRC/WG.6/36/USA/1
Date of Document:
13 August 2020
Accessed Date:
8 January 2021
Title:
Compilation on the United States of America
Code:
A/HRC/WG.6/36/USA/2
Source:
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights
Date of Document:
11 March 2020
Accessed Date:
8 January 2021
Title:
Summary of Stakeholders' submissions on the United States of America
Code:
A/HRC/WG.6/36/USA/3
Source:
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights
Date of Document:
6 March 2020
Accessed Date:
8 January 2021
Title:
USA: The world is watching: Mass violations by U.S. police of Black Lives Matter protesters' rights
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
4 August 2020
Accessed Date:
17 January 2022
Title:
United States. Chapter IV.A: Human Rights Development in the Region. Annual Report 2021.
Code:
OEA/Ser.L/V/II. Doc. 64 rev. 1
Source:
Organization of American States. Inter-American Commission on Human Rights.
Date of Document:
26 May 2022
Accessed Date:
10 January 2023
Title:
Fifth periodic report submitted by the United States of America under article 40 of the Covenant pursuant to the optional reporting procedure, due in 2020
Date of Document:
11 November 2021
Accessed Date:
19 January 2022
3.
Identification Documents and Citizenship
Title:
Whether an individual can apply for a US visa at a US embassy in a country where they do not have legal status; interview and recording of fingerprints requirements (August 2014-May 2015)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
4 May 2015
Accessed Date:
11 March 2016
Title:
The Immigrant Visa Process
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Accessed Date:
10 January 2023
Title:
Visa Waiver Program
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Accessed Date:
16 January 2020
Title:
Report on Citizenship Law: United States of America
Code:
RSCAS/EUDO-CIT-CR 2015/13
Source:
European University Institute. European University Democracy Observatory on Citizenship.
Date of Document:
July 2015
Accessed Date:
25 February 2016
Title:
208.4 – Filing the application. Title 8: Aliens and Nationality. Code of Federal Regulations.
Source:
United States. Citizenship and Immigration Services.
Accessed Date:
10 January 2023
Title:
Loss of permanent residence status, including whether it is automatically lost as a result of remaining outside the US for a period of time; whether proof of such a loss is issued by authorities; procedure for cancelling permanent residence...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
2 December 2016
Accessed Date:
15 March 2017
Title:
Information on the category C-18 Employment Authorization Card, including what it signifies, whether it can be renewed, and the requirements for renewal; whether it is possible for a US citizen to sponsor a foreign national spouse from within the...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
19 February 2016
Accessed Date:
15 March 2017
Title:
Circumstances in which US authorities seize an asylum claimant's passport and/or other identity documents, including whether this happens if a person is detained prior to their credible fear interview; whether the person is given a copy of the seize...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
28 April 2016
Accessed Date:
15 March 2017
Title:
Information on the meaning of 'Alien Registration Card/Permanent Resident Card Prior to 1998,' including any associated status or documentation, including Temporary Protected Status (2015-February 2017)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
10 February 2017
Accessed Date:
23 March 2017
Title:
Representing Statelessness Before U.S. Immigration Authorities. First Edition.
Source:
United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
Date of Document:
August 2017
Accessed Date:
5 March 2018
Title:
Category (c)(9) on the Employment Authorization Document (EAD), including a description of the associated rights, procedures to obtain, maintain and renew such a status
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
2 June 2010
Accessed Date:
14 November 2012
Title:
Requirements and procedures for refugees who have been resettled to obtain permanent residence, including deadlines for claiming permanent residence for a refugee who is resettled (2018-November 2019)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
10 January 2020
Accessed Date:
28 January 2020
Title:
Citizenship and Immigration Statuses of the U.S. Foreign-Born Population. In Focus.
Source:
United States. Congressional Research Service.
Date of Document:
18 July 2022
Author:
Holly Straut-Eppsteiner
Accessed Date:
10 January 2023
Title:
Consideration of Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA)
Source:
United States. Citizenship and Immigration Services.
Date of Document:
10 July 2022
Accessed Date:
10 January 2023
Title:
The Legality of DACA: Recent Litigation Developments
Source:
United States. Congressional Research Service.
Date of Document:
7 October 2022
Accessed Date:
10 January 2023
4.
Political Activities and Organizations
Title:
About parliament; Election results. United States of America: House of Representatives.
Source:
Inter-Parliamentary Union. Parline.
Accessed Date:
13 January 2023
Title:
About parliament; Election results. United States of America: Senate.
Source:
Inter-Parliamentary Union. Parline.
Accessed Date:
16 January 2023
Title:
United States of America: General Elections, 3 November 2020
Source:
Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe. Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights.
Date of Document:
9 February 2021
Accessed Date:
16 January 2023
Title:
International Election Observation Mission. United States of America – Mid-term Congressional Elections, 8 November 2022: Statement of Preliminary Findings and Conclusions.
Source:
Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe. Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights.
Date of Document:
9 November 2022
Accessed Date:
16 January 2023
Title:
United States of America. Election for President of 3 November 2020.
Source:
International Foundation for Electoral Systems. Election Guide.
Accessed Date:
17 January 2022
5.
Gender, Domestic Violence and Children
Title:
16th Annual Domestic Violence Counts Report
Source:
National Network to End Domestic Violence
Date of Document:
March 2022
Accessed Date:
16 January 2023
Title:
United States of America. Social Institutions and Gender Index 2019.
Source:
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
Date of Document:
7 December 2018
Accessed Date:
19 March 2019
Title:
Practice Advisory: The Child Status Protection Act
Source:
American Immigration Council
Date of Document:
5 February 2015
Accessed Date:
19 January 2021
Title:
Unaccompanied Alien Children: An Overview
Source:
United States. Congressional Research Service.
Date of Document:
1 September 2021
Author:
William A. Kandel
Accessed Date:
17 January 2022
Title:
LGBT Policy Spotlight: Public Accommodations Nondiscrimination Laws
Source:
Movement Advancement Project
Date of Document:
January 2018
Accessed Date:
19 March 2019
Title:
The State of the LGBTQ Community in 2020: A National Public Opinion Study
Source:
Center for American Progress
Date of Document:
6 October 2020
Author:
Sharita Gruberg et al.
Editor:
Meghan Miller et al.
Accessed Date:
11 January 2021
Title:
Fatal Violence Against the Transgender and Gender Non-Conforming Community in 2022
Source:
Human Rights Campaign Foundation
Accessed Date:
16 January 2023
Title:
LGBTQ Policy Spotlight: Efforts to Ban Health Care for Transgender Youth
Source:
Movement Advancement Project
Date of Document:
April 2021
Accessed Date:
17 January 2022
Title:
“I Just Try to Make It Home Safe”: Violence and the Human Rights of Transgender People in the United States
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
18 November 2021
Accessed Date:
16 January 2023
Title:
State Attacks Against LGBTQI+ Rights
Source:
Center for American Progress
Date of Document:
13 April 2022
Author:
Caroline Medina; Sharita Gruberg
Accessed Date:
16 January 2023
7.
Criminality and Corruption
Title:
United States of America: Tier 1. Trafficking in Persons Report 2022.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
19 July 2022
Accessed Date:
16 January 2023
Title:
Criminal Victimization, 2021
Source:
United States. Department of Justice.
Date of Document:
September 2022
Author:
Alexandra Thompson; Susannah N. Tapp
Accessed Date:
16 January 2023
Title:
In the Line of Fire: Human Rights and the U.S Gun Violence Crisis
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
12 September 2018
Accessed Date:
19 March 2019
Title:
Scars of Survival: Gun Violence and Barriers to Reparation in the USA
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
11 July 2019
Accessed Date:
16 January 2020
Title:
The Year in Hate and Extremism 2021
Source:
Southern Poverty Law Center
Accessed Date:
16 January 2023
Title:
What You Need To Know About QAnon
Source:
Southern Poverty Law Center
Date of Document:
27 October 2020
Accessed Date:
18 January 2022
Title:
How Antigovernment Extremists and QAnon took over the Southern Border
Source:
Southern Poverty Law Center
Date of Document:
8 August 2022
Accessed Date:
16 January 2023
Title:
DoD Instruction 1325.02: Desertion and Unauthorized Absence or Absence Without Leave
Source:
United States. Department of Defense.
Date of Document:
26 October 2021
Accessed Date:
18 January 2022
9.
Judiciary, Legal and Penal Systems
Title:
Report of the Working Group on Arbitrary Detention on its visit to the United States of America
Source:
United Nations. Human Rights Council.
Date of Document:
17 July 2017
Accessed Date:
17 January 2020
Title:
Freedom of Information Act Frequently Asked Questions
Source:
United States. Department of Justice.
Accessed Date:
4 April 2018
Title:
USA: Right the wrong; Decision time on Guantánamo
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
11 January 2021
Accessed Date:
18 January 2022
Title:
Mortality in Local Jails, 2000–2019 – Statistical Tables
Source:
United States. Department of Justice.
Date of Document:
December 2021
Accessed Date:
16 January 2023
10.
Police and Security Forces
Title:
African Americans, Police Use of Force, and Human Rights in the United States
Code:
OEA/Ser.L/V/II. Doc.156/18
Source:
Organization of American States. Inter-American Commission on Human Rights.
Date of Document:
26 November 2018
Accessed Date:
17 January 2020
Title:
Police Use of Force: An Examination of Modern Policing Practices
Source:
United States. Commission on Civil Rights.
Date of Document:
15 November 2018
Accessed Date:
17 January 2020
Title:
USA: Losing the Peace: U.S. Police failures to protect protesters from violence
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
6 November 2020
Accessed Date:
11 January 2021
Title:
“Kettling” Protesters in the Bronx: Systemic Police Brutality and Its Costs in the United States
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
30 September 2020
Author:
Julie Ciccolini; Ida Sawyer
Editor:
Madeline de Figueiredo
Accessed Date:
11 January 2021
Title:
Hidden in Plain Sight: Racism, White Supremacy, and Far-Right Militancy in Law Enforcement
Source:
New York University School of Law. Brennan Centre for Justice.
Date of Document:
27 August 2020
Accessed Date:
18 January 2022
Title:
Report of the International Commission of Inquiry on Systemic Racist Police Violence Against People of African Descent in the United States
Source:
International Commission of Inquiry on Systemic Racist Police Violence Against People of African Descent in the United States
Date of Document:
March 2021
Accessed Date:
18 January 2022
Title:
Press Freedoms in the United States 2020: A Review of the U.S. Press Freedom Tracker
Source:
Reporters Committee for Freedom of the Press
Date of Document:
May 2021
Accessed Date:
19 January 2022
Title:
United States. Freedom on the Net 2022.
Editor:
Adrian Shahbaz et al.
Accessed Date:
16 January 2023
Title:
United States. Annual Report of the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights 2021. Volume II: Annual Report of the Office of the Special Rapporteur for Freedom of Expression.
Code:
OEA/Ser.L/V/II. Doc. 64 rev. 1
Source:
Organization of American States. Inter-American Commission on Human Rights.
Date of Document:
26 May 2022
Accessed Date:
16 January 2023
12.
Religion - (No items in this section)
13.
Nationality, Ethnicity and Race
Title:
Report of the Working Group of Experts on People of African Descent on its mission to the United States of America
Source:
United Nations. Human Rights Council.
Date of Document:
18 August 2016
Accessed Date:
25 January 2017
Title:
Discrimination in America: Experiences and View of African Americans
Source:
National Public Radio et al.
Date of Document:
October 2017
Accessed Date:
5 March 2018
Title:
Enduring Injustice: The Persistence of Racial Discrimination in the U.S. Death Penalty
Source:
Death Penalty Information Centre
Date of Document:
September 2020
Author:
Ngozi Ndulue et al.
Accessed Date:
11 January 2021
Title:
United States of America. World Directory of Minorities and Indigenous Peoples.
Source:
Minority Rights Group International
Date of Document:
July 2020
Accessed Date:
16 January 2023
Title:
United States of America. The Indigenous World 2022.
Source:
International Work Group for Indigenous Affairs
Date of Document:
April 2022
Editor:
Dwayne Mamo et al.
Accessed Date:
16 January 2023
Title:
The never-ending maze: Continued failure to protect Indigenous women from sexual violence in the USA
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
17 May 2022
Accessed Date:
16 January 2023
Title:
United States of America: Submission to the UN Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination, 107th Session, 8-30 August 2022
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
15 July 2022
Accessed Date:
16 January 2023
14.
Exit/Entry and Freedom of Movement
Title:
Basic Procedural Manual for Asylum Representation Affirmatively and in Removal Proceedings
Source:
National Immigrant Justice Center
Date of Document:
November 2022
Accessed Date:
16 January 2023
Title:
The Department of Homeland Security's Authority to Expand Expedited Removal
Source:
United States. Congressional Research Service.
Date of Document:
6 April 2022
Accessed Date:
16 January 2023
Title:
Asylum in the United States
Source:
American Immigration Council
Date of Document:
August 2022
Accessed Date:
16 January 2023
Title:
Whether immigration judges issue written reasons for decisions made in asylum claims; if this is the case, requirements and procedures for the claimant to request the written reasons, including if the claimant is outside the country
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
21 July 2014
Accessed Date:
16 March 2016
Title:
Refugee Admissions and Resettlement Policy
Source:
United States. Congressional Research Service.
Date of Document:
18 December 2018
Accessed Date:
11 January 2021
Title:
Deported to Danger: United States Deportation Policies Expose Salvadorans to Death and Abuse
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
5 February 2020
Author:
Alison Parker; Kennedy Parker
Editor:
Clara Long et al.
Accessed Date:
11 January 2021
Title:
Immigration Laws Regulating the Admission and Exclusion of Aliens at the Border
Source:
United States. Congressional Research Service.
Date of Document:
21 July 2020
Accessed Date:
11 January 2021
Title:
Nigeria and United States: Requirements and procedures to obtain a US visitor's visa from the US Consulate in Abuja, including financial requirements and any special requirements for those travelling with dependents (2015-July 2019)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
22 July 2019
Accessed Date:
16 January 2020
Title:
Information on refugees resettled in the US by the UNHCR, including status documents provided; ability to study, work, access social security, and travel outside the US; impact of travel outside the US on residency status and ability to...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
5 April 2017
Accessed Date:
21 March 2018
Title:
Judge and Jailer: Asylum Seekers Denied Parole in Wake of Trump Executive Order
Source:
Human Rights First
Date of Document:
29 September 2017
Accessed Date:
5 March 2018
Title:
Temporary Protected Status and Deferred Enforced Departure
Source:
United States. Congressional Research Service.
Date of Document:
28 November 2022
Accessed Date:
16 January 2023
Title:
Period of authorized stay for holders of visitor visas (B1, B2 and B1/B2) (2016-February 2018)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
6 February 2018
Accessed Date:
21 March 2018
Title:
Circumstances under which victims of domestic violence and gang violence are granted protection; protection offered to claimants who do not meet Refugee Convention grounds, but instead claim a risk to their life or a risk of torture, or cruel and unusual treatment (2016-August 2018)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
18 October 2018
Accessed Date:
13 March 2019
Title:
Haiti and United States: Whether legal representation is required for persons who apply for asylum in the US; availability of legal aid for asylum applicants, particularly for Haitians, in the states of California, Florida, New Jersey and New York...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
6 June 2018
Accessed Date:
16 July 2018
Title:
The Trump Administration's “Zero Tolerance” Immigration Enforcement Policy
Source:
United States. Congressional Research Service.
Date of Document:
2 February 2021
Author:
William A. Kandel
Accessed Date:
18 January 2022
Title:
Removal proceedings pursuant to Immigration and Nationality Act (INA) Sec. 237(a)(1)(A) of an accepted refugee and permanent resident, due to a finding of misrepresenting a material fact in an asylum claim; whether a decision to find someone...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
23 January 2019
Accessed Date:
13 March 2019
Title:
Code Red: The Fatal Consequences of Dangerously Substandard Medical Care in Immigration Detention
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
20 June 2018
Editor:
Tara Tidwell Cullen et al.
Accessed Date:
19 March 2019
Title:
US Deporting Iraqis Without Valid Documents
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
20 December 2018
Accessed Date:
19 March 2019
Title:
“How Can You Throw Us Back?”: Asylum Seekers Abused in the US and Deported to Harm in Cameroon
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
10 February 2022
Editor:
Bill Frelick et al.
Accessed Date:
16 January 2023
Title:
The withholding of removal under the Convention Against Torture, including the rights of those granted this status, the validity period of this status, and whether it is renewable
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
2 February 2016
Accessed Date:
25 March 2019
Title:
Pretense of Protection: Biden Administration and Congress Should Avoid Exacerbating Expedited Removal Deficiencies
Source:
Human Rights First
Date of Document:
August 2022
Author:
Rebecca Gendelman
Accessed Date:
16 January 2023
Title:
Somalia, Ethiopia, Kenya, and the United States: Requirements and procedures for Somali citizens to obtain identity documents, including passports, at Somali embassies in Addis Ababa, Nairobi and Washington D.C. (2016-March 2018)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
23 February 2018
Accessed Date:
22 March 2018
Title:
“They did not treat us like people”: Race and migration-related torture and other ill-treatment of Haitians seeking safety in the USA
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
22 September 2022
Accessed Date:
16 January 2023
Title:
“Like I'm Drowning”: Children and Families Sent to Harm by the US ‘Remain in Mexico' Program
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
6 January 2021
Author:
Michael Garcia Bochenek et al.
Accessed Date:
18 January 2022
Title:
A Legacy Of Injustice: The U.S. Criminalization Of Migration
Source:
National Immigrant Justice Center
Date of Document:
23 July 2020
Accessed Date:
18 January 2022
Title:
“They Treat You Like You Are Worthless”: Internal DHS Reports of Abuses by US Border Officials
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
21 October 2021
Accessed Date:
19 January 2022
Title:
Pushed into Harm's Way: Forced returns of unaccompanied migrant children to danger by the USA and Mexico
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
11 June 2021
Accessed Date:
19 January 2022
Title:
The Law of Immigration Detention: A Brief Introduction. In Focus.
Source:
United States. Congressional Research Service.
Date of Document:
1 September 2022
Accessed Date:
16 January 2023
Title:
Iraqi and Afghan Special Immigrant Visa Programs
Source:
United States. Congressional Research Service.
Date of Document:
21 June 2021
Accessed Date:
19 January 2022
Title:
Asylum Processing at the Border: Legal Basics
Source:
United States. Congressional Research Service.
Date of Document:
19 March 2021
Accessed Date:
19 January 2022
Title:
Behind Closed Doors: Abuse and Retaliation Against Hunger Strikers in U.S. Immigration Detention
Source:
American Civil Liberties Union; Physicians for Human Rights
Date of Document:
June 2021
Author:
Eunice Hyunhye Cho et al.
Accessed Date:
19 January 2022
Title:
The Biden Administration's Immigration Enforcement Priorities: Background and Legal Considerations
Source:
United States. Congressional Research Service.
Date of Document:
9 December 2022
Accessed Date:
16 January 2023
Title:
Termination of Temporary Protected Status for Certain Countries: Recent Litigation Developments
Source:
United States. Congressional Research Service.
Date of Document:
9 December 2022
Accessed Date:
16 January 2023
Title:
Biden Expands Trump-era Border Restrictions Once Again
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
5 January 2023
Author:
Tyler Mattiace; Vicki Gaubeca
Accessed Date:
16 January 2023
15.
Labour, Employment and Unions - (No items in this section)
16.
Other - (No items in this section)
The following changes have been made to the previous package dated 3 February 2022:
Title:
Présentation des États-Unis
Source:
France. Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères.
Date of Document:
9 April 2021
URL:
https://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/fr/dossiers-pays/etats-unis/presentation-des-etats-unis/
Accessed Date:
17 January 2022
Title:
United States. Freedom in the World 2021.
URL:
https://freedomhouse.org/country/united-states/freedom-world/2021
Accessed Date:
17 January 2022
Title:
United States of America. Amnesty International Report 2020/21: The State of the World's Human Rights.
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
7 April 2021
URL:
https://www.amnesty.org/en/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/POL1032022021ENGLISH.pdf
Accessed Date:
17 January 2022
Title:
Puerto Rico. Amnesty International Report 2020/21: The State of the World's Human Rights.
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
7 April 2021
URL:
https://www.amnesty.org/en/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/POL1032022021ENGLISH.pdf
Accessed Date:
17 January 2022
Title:
United States of America. Chapter IV.A: Human Rights Development in the Region. Annual Report 2020.
Source:
Organization of American States. Inter-American Commission on Human Rights.
URL:
https://www.oas.org/en/iachr/docs/annual/2020/Chapters/IA2020cap.4A-en.pdf
Accessed Date:
17 January 2022
Title:
The Immigrant Visa Process
Source:
United States. Department of State.
URL:
https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/us-visas/immigrate/the-immigrant-visa-process.html
Accessed Date:
17 January 2022
Title:
208.4 – Filing the application. Title 8: Aliens and Nationality. Electronic Code of Federal Regulations.
Source:
United States. Citizenship and Immigration Services.
Date of Document:
26 June 2020
URL:
https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=2bb955080ab331d5d2dfb1b999c0f2fa&mc=true&node=se8.1.208_14&rgn=div8
Accessed Date:
11 January 2021
Title:
Citizenship and Immigration Statuses of the U.S. Foreign-Born Population. In Focus.
Source:
United States. Congressional Research Service.
Date of Document:
9 April 2021
Author:
Holly Straut-Eppsteiner
URL:
https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/pdf/IF/IF11806
Accessed Date:
17 January 2022
Title:
Consideration of Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA)
Source:
United States. Citizenship and Immigration Services.
Date of Document:
19 July 2021
URL:
https://www.uscis.gov/DACA
Accessed Date:
19 January 2022
Title:
15th Annual Domestic Violence Counts Report
Source:
National Network to End Domestic Violence
Date of Document:
May 2021
URL:
https://nnedv.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/15th-Annual-DV-Counts-Report-Full-Report.pdf
Accessed Date:
17 January 2022
Title:
Fatal Violence Against the Transgender and Gender Non-Conforming Community in 2021
Source:
Human Rights Campaign Foundation
URL:
https://www.hrc.org/resources/fatal-violence-against-the-transgender-and-gender-non-conforming-community-in-2021
Accessed Date:
17 January 2022
Title:
United States of America: Tier 1. Trafficking in Persons Report 2021.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
1 July 2021
URL:
https://www.state.gov/reports/2021-trafficking-in-persons-report/united-states/
Accessed Date:
18 January 2022
Title:
Criminal Victimization, 2020
Source:
United States. Department of Justice.
Date of Document:
October 2021
Author:
Rachel E. Morgan; Alexandra Thompson
URL:
https://bjs.ojp.gov/sites/g/files/xyckuh236/files/media/document/cv20.pdf
Accessed Date:
18 January 2022
Title:
The Year in Hate and Extremism 2020
Source:
Southern Poverty Law Center
URL:
https://www.splcenter.org/sites/default/files/yih_2020-21_final.pdf
Accessed Date:
18 January 2022
Title:
United States. Freedom on the Net 2021.
Editor:
Elisha Aaron et al.
URL:
https://freedomhouse.org/country/united-states/freedom-net/2021
Accessed Date:
19 January 2022
Title:
Basic Procedural Manual for Asylum Representation Affirmatively and in Removal Proceedings
Source:
National Immigrant Justice Center
Date of Document:
December 2020
URL:
https://immigrantjustice.org/media/491/download
Accessed Date:
19 January 2021
Title:
Temporary Protected Status and Deferred Enforced Departure
Source:
United States. Congressional Research Service.
Date of Document:
9 August 2021
URL:
https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/pdf/RS/RS20844
Accessed Date:
19 January 2022
Title:
The Law of Immigration Detention: A Brief Introduction. In Focus.
Source:
United States. Congressional Research Service.
Date of Document:
20 July 2021
URL:
https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/pdf/IF/IF11343
Accessed Date:
19 January 2022
Title:
The Biden Administration's Immigration Enforcement Priorities: Background and Legal Considerations. Legal Sidebar.
Source:
United States. Congressional Research Service.
Date of Document:
10 December 2021
URL:
https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/pdf/LSB/LSB10578
Accessed Date:
19 January 2022
Title:
United States Report: Sustainable Governance Indicators 2020
Author:
Paul J. Quirk et al.
URL:
https://www.sgi-network.org/docs/2020/country/SGI2020_USA.pdf
Accessed Date:
8 January 2021
Title:
United States of America. Election for US House of Representatives of 3 November 2020.
Source:
International Foundation for Electoral Systems. Election Guide.
URL:
https://www.electionguide.org/elections/id/3300/
Accessed Date:
19 January 2021
Title:
United States of America. Election for US Senate of 3 November 2020.
Source:
International Foundation for Electoral Systems. Election Guide.
URL:
https://www.electionguide.org/elections/id/3299/
Accessed Date:
19 January 2021
Title:
United States of America. Mid-Term Congressional Elections, 6 November 2018
Source:
Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe. Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights.
Date of Document:
13 February 2019
URL:
https://www.osce.org/odihr/elections/usa/411254?download=true
Accessed Date:
19 March 2019
Title:
International Election Observation Mission. United States of America –General Elections, 3 November 2020: Statement of Preliminary Findings and Conclusions.
Source:
Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe. Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights.
Date of Document:
November 2020
URL:
https://www.osce.org/files/f/documents/9/6/469437.pdf
Accessed Date:
11 January 2021
Title:
Human Rights Watch Comment on Designating Aliens for Expedited Removal
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
23 September 2019
Author:
Nicole Austin-Hillery
URL:
https://www.hrw.org/news/2019/09/23/human-rights-watch-comment-designating-aliens-expedited-removal
Accessed Date:
17 January 2020
Title:
Expedited Removal of Aliens: Legal Framework
Source:
United States. Congressional Research Service.
Date of Document:
8 October 2019
URL:
https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/pdf/R/R45314
Accessed Date:
19 January 2022
Title:
'We Can't Help You Here': US Returns of Asylum Seekers to Mexico
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
July 2019
Author:
Clara Long; Ariana Sawyer
Editor:
Grace Meng et al.
URL:
https://www.hrw.org/report/2019/07/02/we-cant-help-you-here/us-returns-asylum-seekers-mexico
Accessed Date:
20 January 2020
Title:
Withholding of Removal and the U.N. Convention Against Torture—No Substitute for Asylum, Putting Refugees at Risk
Source:
Human Rights First
Date of Document:
November 2018
URL:
https://www.humanrightsfirst.org/sites/default/files/CAT_Withholding.pdf
Accessed Date:
20 January 2020
Title:
Deportation with a Layover: Failure of Protection under the US-Guatemala Asylum Cooperative Agreement
Source:
Human Rights Watch; Refugees International
Date of Document:
19 May 2020
Author:
Yael Schacher et al.
Editor:
Hardin Lang; Bill Frelick
URL:
https://www.hrw.org/report/2020/05/19/deportation-layover/failure-protection-under-us-guatemala-asylum-cooperative
Accessed Date:
11 January 2021
Title:
United States Report: Sustainable Governance in the Context of the COVID-19 Crisis
Author:
Daniel Béland; Christian Lammert
URL:
https://www.sgi-network.org/docs/2021/country/SGI2021_USA.pdf
Accessed Date:
10 January 2023
Title:
The Legality of DACA: Recent Litigation Developments
Source:
United States. Congressional Research Service.
Date of Document:
7 October 2022
URL:
https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/pdf/LSB/LSB10625
Accessed Date:
10 January 2023
Title:
About parliament; Election results. United States of America: House of Representatives.
Source:
Inter-Parliamentary Union. Parline.
URL:
https://data.ipu.org/content/united-states-america?chamber_id=13387
Accessed Date:
13 January 2023
Title:
About parliament; Election results. United States of America: Senate.
Source:
Inter-Parliamentary Union. Parline.
URL:
https://data.ipu.org/content/united-states-america?chamber_id=13388
Accessed Date:
16 January 2023
Title:
United States of America: General Elections, 3 November 2020
Source:
Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe. Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights.
Date of Document:
9 February 2021
URL:
https://www.osce.org/files/f/documents/7/7/477823_2.pdf
Accessed Date:
16 January 2023
Title:
International Election Observation Mission. United States of America – Mid-term Congressional Elections, 8 November 2022: Statement of Preliminary Findings and Conclusions.
Source:
Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe. Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights.
Date of Document:
9 November 2022
URL:
https://www.osce.org/files/f/documents/f/e/530671_0.pdf
Accessed Date:
16 January 2023
Title:
“I Just Try to Make It Home Safe”: Violence and the Human Rights of Transgender People in the United States
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
18 November 2021
URL:
https://www.hrw.org/report/2021/11/18/i-just-try-make-it-home-safe/violence-and-human-rights-transgender-people-united
Accessed Date:
16 January 2023
Title:
State Attacks Against LGBTQI+ Rights
Source:
Center for American Progress
Date of Document:
13 April 2022
Author:
Caroline Medina; Sharita Gruberg
URL:
https://www.americanprogress.org/article/state-attacks-against-lgbtqi-rights/
Accessed Date:
16 January 2023
Title:
How Antigovernment Extremists and QAnon took over the Southern Border
Source:
Southern Poverty Law Center
Date of Document:
8 August 2022
URL:
https://www.splcenter.org/hatewatch/2022/08/08/how-antigovernment-extremists-and-qanon-took-over-southern-border
Accessed Date:
16 January 2023
Title:
Mortality in Local Jails, 2000–2019 – Statistical Tables
Source:
United States. Department of Justice.
Date of Document:
December 2021
URL:
https://bjs.ojp.gov/content/pub/pdf/mlj0019st.pdf
Accessed Date:
16 January 2023
Title:
United States. Annual Report of the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights 2021. Volume II: Annual Report of the Office of the Special Rapporteur for Freedom of Expression.
Code:
OEA/Ser.L/V/II. Doc. 64 rev. 1
Source:
Organization of American States. Inter-American Commission on Human Rights.
Date of Document:
26 May 2022
URL:
https://www.oas.org/en/iachr/docs/annual/2021/Chapters/rele-en.PDF
Accessed Date:
16 January 2023
Title:
United States of America. World Directory of Minorities and Indigenous Peoples.
Source:
Minority Rights Group International
Date of Document:
July 2020
URL:
https://minorityrights.org/country/united-states-of-america/
Accessed Date:
16 January 2023
Title:
United States of America. The Indigenous World 2022.
Source:
International Work Group for Indigenous Affairs
Date of Document:
April 2022
Editor:
Dwayne Mamo et al.
URL:
https://www.iwgia.org/en/usa/4684-iw-2022-united-states-of-america.html
Accessed Date:
16 January 2023
Title:
The never-ending maze: Continued failure to protect Indigenous women from sexual violence in the USA
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
17 May 2022
URL:
https://www.amnesty.org/en/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/AMR5154842022ENGLISH.pdf
Accessed Date:
16 January 2023
Title:
United States of America: Submission to the UN Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination, 107th Session, 8-30 August 2022
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
15 July 2022
URL:
https://www.amnesty.org/en/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/AMR5158732022ENGLISH.pdf
Accessed Date:
16 January 2023
Title:
The Department of Homeland Security's Authority to Expand Expedited Removal
Source:
United States. Congressional Research Service.
Date of Document:
6 April 2022
URL:
https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/pdf/LSB/LSB10336
Accessed Date:
16 January 2023
Title:
Asylum in the United States
Source:
American Immigration Council
Date of Document:
August 2022
URL:
https://www.americanimmigrationcouncil.org/sites/default/files/research/asylum_in_the_united_states_0.pdf
Accessed Date:
16 January 2023
Title:
“How Can You Throw Us Back?”: Asylum Seekers Abused in the US and Deported to Harm in Cameroon
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
10 February 2022
Editor:
Bill Frelick et al.
URL:
https://www.hrw.org/report/2022/02/10/how-can-you-throw-us-back/asylum-seekers-abused-us-and-deported-harm-cameroon
Accessed Date:
16 January 2023
Title:
Pretense of Protection: Biden Administration and Congress Should Avoid Exacerbating Expedited Removal Deficiencies
Source:
Human Rights First
Date of Document:
August 2022
Author:
Rebecca Gendelman
URL:
https://humanrightsfirst.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/PretenseofProtection.pdf
Accessed Date:
16 January 2023
Title:
“They did not treat us like people”: Race and migration-related torture and other ill-treatment of Haitians seeking safety in the USA
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
22 September 2022
URL:
https://www.amnesty.org/en/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/AMR3659732022ENGLISH.pdf
Accessed Date:
16 January 2023
Title:
Termination of Temporary Protected Status for Certain Countries: Recent Litigation Developments
Source:
United States. Congressional Research Service.
Date of Document:
9 December 2022
URL:
https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/pdf/LSB/LSB10541
Accessed Date:
16 January 2023
Title:
Biden Expands Trump-era Border Restrictions Once Again
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
5 January 2023
Author:
Tyler Mattiace; Vicki Gaubeca
URL:
https://www.hrw.org/news/2023/01/05/biden-expands-trump-era-border-restrictions-once-again
Accessed Date:
16 January 2023
Disclaimer
National Documentation Packages (NDPs) include country-of-origin information that is publicly accessible at the time of publication and available within time constraints. While the Research Directorate strives to maintain the
NDP with current information, the research is not exhaustive and country conditions can change rapidly. Members of the public are invited to
suggest documents they feel are relevant to the
NDP.
NDPs are not, and do not purport to be, conclusive as to the merit of any particular claim for refugee protection. Rather, they are intended to support the refugee determination process. The assessment and weight to be given to the information in the
NDPs are the responsibility of independent
IRB members (decision-makers) after considering the evidence and arguments presented by the parties.
All sources are fully cited, including a hyperlink, to facilitate the location of the information. The
IRB will attempt to ensure that these links are maintained for the most recent
NDP. It cannot guarantee or be responsible for:
- the functionality of links to external sources,
- the content accessed by these links,
- the availability of external content in both English and French,
- any other part of a third party website.
The information presented in
NDPs solely reflects the views and perspectives of the sources cited and does not necessarily reflect the position of the
IRB or the Government of Canada.