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Jurisprudential Guides Notes
Jurisprudential Guides Notes
On
July 28, 2022, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being a
Jurisprudential Guide:
-
Decision TC1 05038 – The proper interpretation of the ‘generalized risk’ exception to protection found at subparagraph 97(1)(b)(ii) of the Act, in claims for protection involving allegations of gang-targeting or other acts of criminality.
On
December 22, 2020, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being a
Jurisprudential Guide.
-
Decision MB8-00025 – This Jurisprudential Guide addresses, in applying Article 1E of the Refugee Convention, whether members should consider allegations of risk in a country of residence if they conclude that a refugee claimant has the rights and obligations which are attached to the possession of nationality in that country.
On
July 6, 2018, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being a
Jurisprudential Guide.
-
Decision TB7-19851 – Nigeria – This Jurisprudential Guide addresses internal flight alternatives in major cities in south and central Nigeria for claimants fleeing non-state actors.
Revoked
The country documentation referenced in each of these decisions has been included in s.16 of the updated National Documentation Packages published on July 10, 2018.
On
July 20, 2017, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being
Jurisprudential Guides.
-
Decision TB7-01837 – Pakistan – Whether the treatment experienced by Ahmadis in Pakistan amounts to persecution, whether state protection is available and whether there is a viable internal flight alternative.
-
Decision MB6-01059/60 – India – Availability of an internal flight alternative in India for claimants from Punjab.
Revoked
-
Decision TB6-11632 – China – Analysis of the efficacy of the Chinese national computer network known as the Golden Shield Project and its impact on whether a person wanted by the authorities can exit China via an airport using a genuine passport.
Revoked
The country documentation referenced in each of these decisions has been included in s.16 of the updated National Documentation Packages published on July 20, 2017.
Back
31 January 2017
BARBADOS
List of Documents
1.
General Information and Maps
Source:
United States. Central Intelligence Agency.
Accessed Date:
16 October 2012
Source:
France. Ministère des Affaires Étrangères.
Accessed Date:
13 February 2013
Title:
Barbados. The World Factbook.
Source:
United States. Central Intelligence Agency.
Date of Document:
12 January 2017
Accessed Date:
4 January 2017
Title:
Barbados. Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2015.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
13 April 2016
Accessed Date:
19 April 2016
Keywords:
arbitrary arrest and detention; children; citizenship; corruption; disappeared persons; domestic violence; ethnic and national groups; extralegal executions/killings; freedom of assembly; freedom of expression; freedom of the press; gender equality; institutional efficacy; internal displacement; Internet; labour; legal system; minorities; penal system; police efficacy; police/security forces; political activities; political prisoners; race; religion; sexual minorities; sexual violence; state surveillance; torture; warrants
Title:
Barbados. Freedom in the World 2016.
Accessed Date:
13 December 2016
Title:
Report of the Working Group on the Universal Periodic Review: Barbados
Source:
United Nations. Human Rights Council.
Date of Document:
12 March 2013
Accessed Date:
22 December 2014
Keywords:
children; citizenship; domestic violence; gender equality; gender-based violence; labour; police efficacy; police/security forces; sexual minorities; social services; statistics; trafficking in persons
3.
Identification Documents and Citizenship
Title:
Barbados Citizenship Act, Cap. 186
Accessed Date:
16 October 2012
Keywords:
citizenship; legislation
Title:
Barbados Reciprocity Schedule
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Accessed Date:
4 January 2017
4.
Political Activities and Organizations
Title:
Barbados. Elections for House of Assembly of 21 February 2013.
Source:
International Foundation for Electoral Systems. Election Guide.
Accessed Date:
22 December 2014
Keywords:
election; political organizations; statistics
Source:
Inter-Parliamentary Union. Parline.
Date of Document:
3 February 2015
Accessed Date:
5 November 2015
Keywords:
election; statistics
5.
Gender, Domestic Violence and Children
Title:
Domestic violence, including legislation, state protection and support services (2008-October 2012)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
6 November 2012
Accessed Date:
10 December 2012
Keywords:
domestic violence; femicide; gender-based violence; institutional efficacy; legislation; police efficacy; police/security forces; sexual violence; social services
Title:
Domestic Violence (Protection Orders), Cap. 130A
Accessed Date:
28 November 2013
Keywords:
domestic violence; legislation
Title:
Country Gender Assessment: Barbados
Source:
Caribbean Development Bank
Date of Document:
January 2016
Author:
Caroline F. Allen et al.
Accessed Date:
13 December 2016
Title:
Consideration of reports submitted by States parties under article 18 of the Convention. Fifth to eighth periodic reports of States parties due in 2014: Barbados.
Source:
United Nations. Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women.
Date of Document:
5 October 2015
Accessed Date:
26 January 2017
Title:
Treatment of sexual minorities, including legislation, state protection and support services; social attitudes towards bisexuality (2013-November 2015)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
3 December 2015
Accessed Date:
15 December 2015
Keywords:
legislation; police efficacy; sexual minorities; social services
Title:
Barbados. State-Sponsored Homophobia: A World Survey of Sexual Orientation Laws: criminalisation, protection and recognition.
Source:
International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Association
Date of Document:
October 2016
Accessed Date:
13 December 2016
Title:
Barbados protests seek repeal of harsh buggery law
Source:
Erasing 776 Crimes
Date of Document:
25 August 2015
Accessed Date:
5 November 2015
Keywords:
freedom of assembly; gender equality; legislation; sexual minorities
Title:
Barbados. Criminalization of Homosexuality.
Source:
Human Dignity Trust
Date of Document:
25 October 2015
Accessed Date:
4 January 2017
Title:
Barbados. Speaking Out 2015: The Rights of LGBTI People Across the Commonwealth.
Source:
Kaleidoscope Trust
Accessed Date:
26 January 2017
Title:
Barbados. Caribbean nations inch their way toward LGBTI rights.
Source:
Erasing 76 Crimes
Date of Document:
27 April 2016
Accessed Date:
26 January 2017
7.
Criminality and Corruption
Title:
Eastern Caribbean. International Narcotics Control Strategy Report 2016, Volume I: Drug and Chemical Control.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
March 2016
Accessed Date:
13 December 2016
Title:
Barbados (Tier 2). Trafficking in Persons Report 2016.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
June 2016
Accessed Date:
13 December 2016
Title:
Barbados. 2016 OSAC Crime and Safety Report.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
26 May 2016
Accessed Date:
13 December 2016
Title:
Crime and Violence in Barbados. IDB Series on Crime and Violence in the Caribbean.
Source:
Inter-American Development Bank
Date of Document:
June 2016
Accessed Date:
13 December 2016
8.
Military Service - (No items in this section)
9.
Judiciary, Legal and Penal Systems - (No items in this section)
10.
Police and Security Forces - (No items in this section)
11.
Media Freedoms - (No items in this section)
Title:
Barbados. International Religious Freedom Report for 2015.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
10 August 2016
Accessed Date:
26 January 2017
13.
Nationality, Ethnicity and Race - (No items in this section)
14.
Exit/Entry and Freedom of Movement - (No items in this section)
15.
Labour, Employment and Unions - (No items in this section)
16.
Other - (No items in this section)
The following changes have been made to the previous package dated 13 May 2016:
Title:
Barbados. The World Factbook.
Source:
United States. Central Intelligence Agency.
Date of Document:
7 December 2015
URL:
https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/bb.html
Accessed Date:
15 December 2015
Keywords:
country overview; map
Title:
Barbados. Freedom in the World 2015.
URL:
https://freedomhouse.org/report/freedom-world/2015/barbados
Accessed Date:
5 November 2015
Keywords:
children; corruption; crime; domestic violence; drug trafficking; election; freedom of assembly; freedom of expression; freedom of the press; gender-based violence; government corruption; Internet; judicial efficacy; penal system; police/security forces; political organizations; religion; sexual minorities; sexual violence; statistics; torture
Title:
Barbados Reciprocity Schedule
Source:
United States. Department of State.
URL:
http://travel.state.gov/content/visas/en/fees/reciprocity-by-country/BB.html
Accessed Date:
5 November 2015
Keywords:
identity documents
Title:
Barbados. State-Sponsored Homophobia: A World Survey of Laws: criminalisation, protection and recognition of same-sex love.
Source:
International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Association
Date of Document:
May 2015
Author:
Aengus Carroll; Lucas Paoli Itaborahy
URL:
http://old.ilga.org/Statehomophobia/ILGA_State_Sponsored_Homophobia_2015.pdf
Accessed Date:
5 November 2015
Keywords:
children; legislation; sexual minorities
Title:
Barbados. Speaking Out: The Rights of LGBTI Citizens from Across the Commonwealth.
Source:
Kaleidoscope Trust
URL:
http://kaleidoscopetrust.com/usr/library/documents/main/speaking-out-lgbti-rights-in-the-cw.pdf
Accessed Date:
22 December 2014
Keywords:
crime; legislation; sexual minorities
Title:
Eastern Caribbean. International Narcotics Control Strategy Report 2015, Volume I: Drug and Chemical Control.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
March 2015
URL:
http://www.state.gov/j/inl/rls/nrcrpt/2015/vol1/238965.htm
Accessed Date:
6 November 2015
Keywords:
corruption; crime; drug trafficking; legislation; organized crime; social services
Title:
Barbados (Tier 2). Trafficking in Persons Report 2015.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
July 2015
URL:
http://www.state.gov/j/tip/rls/tiprpt/countries/2015/243393.htm
Accessed Date:
6 November 2015
Keywords:
children; crime; labour; legislation; police/security forces; sexual violence; trafficking in persons
Title:
Barbados. 2014 OSAC Crime and Safety Report.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
19 June 2014
URL:
https://www.osac.gov/pages/ContentReportDetails.aspx?cid=15862
Accessed Date:
6 November 2015
Keywords:
abduction; crime; drug trafficking; extremist/terrorist organizations; freedom of assembly; freedom of movement; freedom of the press; labour; organized crime; police efficacy; police/security forces; political activities; statistics; transport infrastructure
Title:
Barbados. International Religious Freedom Report for 2014.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
14 October 2015
URL:
http://www.state.gov/j/drl/rls/irf/religiousfreedom/index.htm?year=2014&dlid=238520
Accessed Date:
6 November 2015
Keywords:
ethnic and national groups; legislation; minorities; religion; statistics
Title:
UN Rights Chief Urges Barbados to Address Domestic Violence and Discrimination
Source:
United Nations. News Service.
Date of Document:
5 April 2012
URL:
http://www.refworld.org/docid/4f82f4c82.html
Accessed Date:
26 November 2013
Keywords:
children; domestic violence; gender equality; gender-based violence; institutional efficacy; judicial efficacy; legislation; political activities; race; sexual minorities; sexual violence; social services
Title:
Final Report on Barbados. Analysis of the Response of the Government of Barbados to the Questionnaire for Evaluation of the Implementation of the Inter-American Convention on the Prevention, Punishment and Eradication of Violence Against...
Source:
Organization of American States. Mechanism of the Follow Up Convention Belem Do Pará.
Date of Document:
26 March 2012
URL:
https://www.oas.org/en/mesecvi/docs/FinalReport2012-Barbados.doc
Accessed Date:
22 December 2014
Keywords:
children; domestic violence; femicide; gender equality; gender-based violence; institutional efficacy; legislation; marriage; police efficacy; police report; police/security forces; police/security forces complaints; sexual violence; statistics; trafficking in persons
Title:
Barbados: Death Penalty and Discrimination Against LGBT People Still to Be Addressed. Amnesty International Submission to the UN Universal Periodic Review, January-February 2013.
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
July 2012
URL:
https://www.amnesty.org/download/Documents/20000/amr150012012en.pdf
Accessed Date:
22 December 2014
Keywords:
crime; legislation; sexual minorities
Title:
Cariflags Asks Stuart to State Barbados' Position on Gays
Source:
Antillean Media Group
Date of Document:
1 December 2014
URL:
http://www.antillean.org/position-government-barbados-gays3/
Accessed Date:
6 November 2015
Keywords:
citizenship; gender equality; legislation; political activities; sexual minorities
Title:
Covert Oppression: B-GLAD Says That's What its Members Keep Facing
Date of Document:
9 December 2014
URL:
http://www.barbadostoday.bb/2014/12/09/covert-oppression/
Accessed Date:
13 November 2015
Keywords:
crime; gender equality; legislation; police/security forces; political activities; sexual minorities
Title:
Will Tourist-Dependent Barbados Risk Staying Anti-Gay?
Source:
Erasing 76 Crimes
Date of Document:
11 May 2015
Author:
Maurice Tomlinson
URL:
http://76crimes.com/2015/05/11/will-tourist-dependent-barbados-risk-staying-anti-gay/
Accessed Date:
6 November 2015
Keywords:
gender equality; legislation; religion; sexual minorities
Title:
Eastern Caribbean. 2015 OSAC Crime and Safety Report.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
10 March 2015
URL:
https://www.osac.gov/Pages/ContentReportDetails.aspx?cid=17240
Accessed Date:
6 November 2015
Keywords:
crime; drug trafficking; labour; organized crime; police/security forces; statistics; transport infrastructure
Title:
Barbados. A Human Rights Report on Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children.
Source:
John Hopkins University. School of Advanced International Studies. Protection Project.
URL:
http://www.protectionproject.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/09/Barbados_FINAL_2012.pdf
Accessed Date:
22 December 2014
Keywords:
children; ethnic and national groups; institutional efficacy; labour; legislation; map; religion; sexual violence; statistics; trafficking in persons
Title:
Country Gender Assessment: Barbados
Source:
Caribbean Development Bank
Date of Document:
January 2016
Author:
Caroline F. Allen et al.
URL:
http://www.caribank.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/CountryGenderAssessmentBarbados.pdf
Accessed Date:
13 December 2016
Title:
Consideration of reports submitted by States parties under article 18 of the Convention. Fifth to eighth periodic reports of States parties due in 2014: Barbados.
Source:
United Nations. Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women.
Date of Document:
5 October 2015
URL:
http://tbinternet.ohchr.org/_layouts/treatybodyexternal/Download.aspx?symbolno=CEDAW%2fC%2fBRB%2f5-8&Lang=en
Accessed Date:
26 January 2017
Title:
Barbados. Criminalization of Homosexuality.
Source:
Human Dignity Trust
Date of Document:
25 October 2015
URL:
http://www.humandignitytrust.org/uploaded/Map/Country_Reports/Barbados.pdf
Accessed Date:
4 January 2017
Title:
Barbados. Caribbean nations inch their way toward LGBTI rights.
Source:
Erasing 76 Crimes
Date of Document:
27 April 2016
URL:
https://76crimes.com/2016/04/27/caribbean-nations-inch-their-way-toward-lgbti-rights/
Accessed Date:
26 January 2017
Title:
Crime and Violence in Barbados. IDB Series on Crime and Violence in the Caribbean.
Source:
Inter-American Development Bank
Date of Document:
June 2016
URL:
https://publications.iadb.org/handle/11319/7774
Accessed Date:
13 December 2016
Disclaimer
National Documentation Packages (NDPs) include country-of-origin information that is publicly accessible at the time of publication and available within time constraints. While the Research Directorate strives to maintain the
NDP with current information, the research is not exhaustive and country conditions can change rapidly. Members of the public are invited to
suggest documents they feel are relevant to the
NDP.
NDPs are not, and do not purport to be, conclusive as to the merit of any particular claim for refugee protection. Rather, they are intended to support the refugee determination process. The assessment and weight to be given to the information in the
NDPs are the responsibility of independent
IRB members (decision-makers) after considering the evidence and arguments presented by the parties.
All sources are fully cited, including a hyperlink, to facilitate the location of the information. The
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NDP. It cannot guarantee or be responsible for:
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The information presented in
NDPs solely reflects the views and perspectives of the sources cited and does not necessarily reflect the position of the
IRB or the Government of Canada.