National Documentation Packages (NDPs) are lists of public documents that provide information on country conditions. Updates occur on a regular basis.
NDPs support the refugee determination process. They do not imply recognition of a particular territory's sovereignty or political status.
NDPs include Responses to Information Requests (RIRs) published by the IRB on its website which may have attachments that are inaccessible due to technical constraints and may include translations of documents originally written in languages other than English or French. To obtain a copy of such attachments and/or translated version of the
RIR attachments, please
email us.
Jurisprudential Guides Notes
Jurisprudential Guides Notes
On
July 28, 2022, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being a
Jurisprudential Guide:
-
Decision TC1 05038 – The proper interpretation of the ‘generalized risk’ exception to protection found at subparagraph 97(1)(b)(ii) of the Act, in claims for protection involving allegations of gang-targeting or other acts of criminality.
On
December 22, 2020, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being a
Jurisprudential Guide.
-
Decision MB8-00025 – This Jurisprudential Guide addresses, in applying Article 1E of the Refugee Convention, whether members should consider allegations of risk in a country of residence if they conclude that a refugee claimant has the rights and obligations which are attached to the possession of nationality in that country.
On
July 6, 2018, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being a
Jurisprudential Guide.
-
Decision TB7-19851 – Nigeria – This Jurisprudential Guide addresses internal flight alternatives in major cities in south and central Nigeria for claimants fleeing non-state actors.
Revoked
The country documentation referenced in each of these decisions has been included in s.16 of the updated National Documentation Packages published on July 10, 2018.
On
July 20, 2017, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being
Jurisprudential Guides.
-
Decision TB7-01837 – Pakistan – Whether the treatment experienced by Ahmadis in Pakistan amounts to persecution, whether state protection is available and whether there is a viable internal flight alternative.
-
Decision MB6-01059/60 – India – Availability of an internal flight alternative in India for claimants from Punjab.
Revoked
-
Decision TB6-11632 – China – Analysis of the efficacy of the Chinese national computer network known as the Golden Shield Project and its impact on whether a person wanted by the authorities can exit China via an airport using a genuine passport.
Revoked
The country documentation referenced in each of these decisions has been included in s.16 of the updated National Documentation Packages published on July 20, 2017.
Back
31 May 2024
GHANA
List of Documents
1.
General Information and Maps
Source:
United Nations. Cartographic Section.
Date of Document:
February 2005
Accessed Date:
23 January 2007
Title:
Ghana: Overview and U.S. Policy
Source:
United States. Congressional Research Service.
Date of Document:
17 April 2023
Accessed Date:
12 January 2024
Title:
Ghana. The World Factbook.
Source:
United States. Central Intelligence Agency.
Date of Document:
23 January 2024
Accessed Date:
25 January 2024
Title:
Ghana 2021 population and housing census: General report volume 3A
Source:
Ghana Statistical Service et al.
Date of Document:
November 2021
Accessed Date:
12 January 2022
Title:
Country Information Note. Ghana: Medical treatment and healthcare. Version 2.0.
Source:
United Kingdom. Home Office.
Date of Document:
August 2022
Accessed Date:
5 January 2023
Title:
Ghana. L'aménagement linguistique dans le monde.
Source:
L'aménagement linguistique dans le monde
Date of Document:
16 November 2023
Accessed Date:
12 January 2024
Title:
Ghana. Social Security Programs Throughout the World: Africa, 2019
Source:
United States. Social Security Administration.
Date of Document:
September 2019
Accessed Date:
14 September 2020
Source:
France. Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères.
Date of Document:
31 January 2023
Accessed Date:
12 January 2024
Title:
Ghana. BTI 2022 Country Report.
Date of Document:
February 2022
Accessed Date:
5 January 2023
Title:
Country Policy and Information Note. Ghana: Background information, including internal relocation. Version 1.0.
Source:
United Kingdom. Home Office.
Date of Document:
September 2020
Accessed Date:
12 January 2022
Title:
Ghana: Voluntary National Review 2022 on the implementation of the 2030 agenda for sustainable development
Source:
Republic of Ghana
Date of Document:
June 2022
Accessed Date:
5 January 2023
Title:
Ghana: WHO Special Initiative for Mental Health. Situational Assessment.
Source:
United Nations. World Health Organization.
Date of Document:
January 2022
Accessed Date:
5 January 2023
Title:
Medical Country of Origin Information. Healthcare Provision in Ghana.
Source:
European Union. European Union Agency for Asylum.; International SOS
Date of Document:
July 2023
Accessed Date:
12 January 2024
Title:
Medical Country of Origin Information. Ghana: Diabetes Mellitus.
Source:
European Union. European Union Agency for Asylum.; International SOS
Date of Document:
December 2023
Accessed Date:
12 January 2024
Title:
Medical Country of Origin Information. Ghana: Pulmonology.
Source:
European Union. European Union Agency for Asylum.; International SOS
Date of Document:
December 2023
Accessed Date:
12 January 2024
Title:
Ghana. Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2023.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
22 April 2024
Accessed Date:
15 May 2024
Title:
Ghana. Freedom in the World 2023.
Accessed Date:
12 January 2024
Title:
Ghana. Amnesty International Report 2022/23: The State of the World's Human Rights.
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
27 March 2023
Accessed Date:
12 January 2024
Title:
National report submitted pursuant to Human Rights Council resolutions 5/1 and 16/21: Ghana
Code:
A/HRC/WG.6/42/GHA/1
Date of Document:
1 November 2022
Accessed Date:
12 January 2024
Title:
Ghana: Compilation of information
Code:
A/HRC/WG.6/42/GHA/2
Source:
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights
Date of Document:
14 November 2022
Accessed Date:
20 January 2023
Title:
Summary of Stakeholders' submissions on Ghana
Code:
A/HRC/WG.6/42/GHA/3
Source:
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights
Date of Document:
31 October 2022
Accessed Date:
20 January 2023
Title:
Initial report submitted by Ghana under article 35 of the Convention, due in 2014
Date of Document:
8 March 2019
Accessed Date:
6 September 2019
Title:
Ghana: Les mouvements sécessionnistes du « Togoland occidental»
Source:
France. Office français de protection des réfugiés et apatrides.
Date of Document:
14 October 2021
Accessed Date:
5 January 2023
Title:
Ghana: End Chaining for Mental Health Conditions
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
30 October 2023
Accessed Date:
12 January 2024
Title:
Global Pluralism Monitor: Ghana
Source:
Global Centre for Pluralism
Accessed Date:
12 January 2024
3.
Identification Documents and Citizenship
Title:
Chapter 3: Citizenship. Ghana's Constitution of 1992 with Amendments through 1996.
Source:
Ghana; Comparative Constitutions Project
Accessed Date:
26 January 2024
Title:
Update to GHA105228 of 15 July 2015 on the 'Certified Copy of Entry into Registry of Births' certificate, including additional information on its format and security features; whether the format has changed since 2009; authorized signatories (2009-July 2015)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
17 October 2017
Accessed Date:
13 September 2018
Title:
The military identification card, including whether simple soldiers receive a different card than that of higher-ranking military personnel; whether the length of military service is defined by contract; the procedure for resigning without being accused of deserting (1999 - 2003)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
3 February 2011
Accessed Date:
19 March 2013
Title:
Citizenship Act of 2000
Accessed Date:
29 September 2017
Title:
Ghana. U.S. Visa: Reciprocity and Civil Documents by Country.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Accessed Date:
25 January 2024
Title:
Requirements and procedures to obtain a Certified Copy of Entry into Registry of Births; whether the listed informant can differ between the original entry on the Registry of Births and the digital Certified Copy of the Entry into Registry of Births...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
22 March 2021
Accessed Date:
5 January 2022
Title:
Availability of fraudulent identity documents, including instances of officials issuing fraudulent documents, including passports (2008-2013)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
3 January 2014
Accessed Date:
22 September 2014
Title:
Requirements and procedures to replace a lost or stolen passport; whether applicants are fingerprinted to determine the issuance of previous passports; whether replacement passports have the same serial number as the one being replaced
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
17 April 2015
Accessed Date:
28 September 2015
Title:
Guidelines for Acquiring a Republic of Ghana Passport
Source:
Ghana. Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Regional Integration.
Accessed Date:
12 January 2024
Title:
Requirements and procedures to obtain a voter card; appearance, security features and information indicated on the card, including the voter ID number; incidents of fraud (2015-December 2017)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
20 December 2017
Accessed Date:
20 September 2018
Title:
Ghana voters ID card: registration, verification and replacement
Date of Document:
27 April 2018
Accessed Date:
25 January 2024
Title:
Who decides who gets to vote in Ghana's elections?
Date of Document:
9 March 2020
Author:
Nathalie Raunet Robert-Nicoud
Accessed Date:
14 September 2020
4.
Political Activities and Organizations
Title:
How Ghana's president went from democratic darling to anti-protest overlord
Date of Document:
27 October 2023
Author:
Delali Adogla-Bessa
Accessed Date:
12 January 2024
Title:
Managing diversity and political inclusion: The case of Ghana
Source:
Global Centre for Pluralism
Date of Document:
February 2021
Author:
E. Gyimah-Boadi; Mohammed Awal
Accessed Date:
13 January 2022
Title:
Certified 2020 presidential election results
Source:
Electoral Commission Ghana
Accessed Date:
13 January 2022
Title:
Information on changes in the New Patriotic Party (NPP) leadership; treatment of members of the NPP members by authorities, National Democratic Congress (NDC) supporters, and intra-party conflict (2014-May 2016)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
27 May 2016
Accessed Date:
28 September 2016
Title:
Election results. Ghana: Parliament.
Source:
Inter-Parliamentary Union. Parline.
Accessed Date:
13 January 2022
Title:
About parliament. Ghana: Parliament.
Source:
Inter-Parliamentary Union. Parline.
Accessed Date:
13 January 2022
Title:
Ghana by-elections yield vital lessons for 2024 national polls
Source:
Institute for Security Studies
Date of Document:
6 September 2023
Author:
Enoch Randy Aikins
Accessed Date:
12 January 2024
5.
Gender, Domestic Violence and Children
Title:
Domestic Violence in Ghana: Incidence, Attitudes, Determinants and Consequences
Source:
Institute of Development Studies et al.
Date of Document:
July 2016
Accessed Date:
8 August 2017
Title:
Gender Equality: Challenges and Potential Solutions for Ghana
Source:
Network for Women's Rights in Ghana
Date of Document:
May 2023
Accessed Date:
12 January 2024
Title:
Fulfilling the Commitment to Child Protection in Ghana
Source:
United Nations Children's Fund
Date of Document:
August 2021
Accessed Date:
5 January 2023
Title:
Situational Analysis of Adolescent Girls and Young Women in Ghana – Synthesising Data to Identify and Work with the Most Vulnerable Young Women
Source:
United Nations Population Fund; Population Council
Date of Document:
August 2016
Page Numbers:
36-46, 70-92
Accessed Date:
8 August 2017
Title:
National Strategic Framework on Ending Child Marriage in Ghana 2017 – 2026
Source:
Ghana. Ministry of Gender, Children and Social Protection.
Date of Document:
November 2016
Accessed Date:
5 September 2018
Title:
Domestic violence, including legislation, state protection and support services (2011-2015)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
17 September 2015
Accessed Date:
28 September 2015
Date of Document:
September 2018
Accessed Date:
12 January 2024
Title:
Ghana. NGO Assessment of the Implementation UN Human Rights Committee's Recommendations.
Source:
Human Rights Advocacy Centre
Date of Document:
January 2019
Accessed Date:
6 September 2019
Title:
Protecting and Empowering Adolescent girls in Ghana
Source:
United Nations Children's Fund
Date of Document:
October 2021
Accessed Date:
5 January 2023
Title:
LGBTIQ+ lawfare in response to the politicisation of homosexuality in Ghana. Queer lawfare in Africa: Legal strategies in contexts of LGBTIQ+ criminalisation and politicisation.
Source:
University of Pretoria. Faculty of Law.
Author:
Ernest Yaw Ako; Amanda Odoi
Editor:
Adrian Jjuuko et al.
Accessed Date:
12 January 2024
Title:
“We Deserve Protection”: Anti-LGBTIQ Legislation and Violence in Ghana
Source:
Outright International
Date of Document:
29 August 2022
Accessed Date:
5 January 2023
Title:
Ghana. Our Identities Under Arrest: A global overview on the enforcement of laws criminalizing consensual same-sex sexual acts between adults and diverse gender expressions.
Source:
International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Association
Date of Document:
November 2023
Author:
Kellyn Botha et al.
Editor:
Lucas Ramón Mendos
Accessed Date:
12 January 2024
Title:
Ghana: State treatment of LGBTQI+ persons
Source:
Asylos; Asylum Research Centre
Date of Document:
March 2021
Accessed Date:
13 January 2022
Title:
Ghana: LGBT Activists Face Hardships After Detention
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
20 September 2021
Accessed Date:
13 January 2022
Title:
Country Policy and Information Note. Ghana: Sexual orientation and gender identity or expression. Version 3.0.
Source:
United Kingdom. Home Office.
Date of Document:
May 2022
Accessed Date:
5 January 2023
7.
Criminality and Corruption
Title:
OSAC Country Security Report. Ghana.
Source:
United States. Overseas Security Advisory Council.
Date of Document:
27 April 2023
Accessed Date:
12 January 2024
Title:
Ghana: Tier 2. Trafficking in Persons Report 2023.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
June 2023
Accessed Date:
12 January 2024
Title:
Modern Trends in Ownership and Acquisition of Large-scale Lands in Teshie and Kasoa, Ghana
Source:
African Journal Online
Date of Document:
23 October 2020
Author:
Appau Williams Miller et al.
Accessed Date:
13 January 2022
Title:
Ghana. Global Organised Crime Index 2023.
Source:
Global Initiative Against Transnational Organized Crime
Accessed Date:
12 January 2024
Title:
Corruption in Ghana: People's Experiences and Views
Source:
United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime
Date of Document:
20 July 2022
Accessed Date:
5 January 2023
8.
Military Service - (No items in this section)
9.
Judiciary, Legal and Penal Systems
Title:
Update: Researching Ghanaian Law
Date of Document:
December 2020
Accessed Date:
13 January 2022
Title:
Ghanaians cite high cost, bias, and long delays as barriers to using formal justice system
Date of Document:
28 February 2020
Accessed Date:
13 January 2022
Title:
Ghana: Landmark vote to remove death penalty from laws is a major step forward
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
25 July 2023
Accessed Date:
12 January 2024
Title:
Evaluating the Scope and Operation of Parliamentary Privileges and Immunities in Ghana in Relation to the Arrest of Members of Parliament
Source:
Social Science Research Network
Date of Document:
15 August 2023
Author:
Kwabena Brakopowers
Accessed Date:
12 January 2024
10.
Police and Security Forces
Title:
Country Policy and Information Note. Ghana: Actors of Protection. Version 1.0.
Source:
United Kingdom. Home Office.
Date of Document:
September 2020
Accessed Date:
13 January 2022
Title:
Ghana. Freedom on the Net 2023.
Editor:
Elisha Aaron et al.
Accessed Date:
12 January 2024
Title:
Ghana. World Press Freedom Index 2023.
Source:
Reporters Without Borders
Accessed Date:
12 January 2024
Title:
Assessment of Media Development in Ghana: Based on UNESCO's Media Development Indicators
Source:
United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization
Accessed Date:
12 January 2024
Title:
Ghana. International Religious Freedom Report for 2022.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
15 May 2023
Accessed Date:
12 January 2024
Title:
Inquiry into the Continued Practice of Trokosi (Indentured Servitude) in Ghana: An Outlawed Culturo-Religious Practice
Source:
American Journal of International Relations
Accessed Date:
6 January 2023
13.
Nationality, Ethnicity and Race
Title:
Consequences of refusing a fetish priest or chieftancy position, and whether there is state protection available
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
16 August 2012
Accessed Date:
19 March 2013
Title:
Information on the chieftaincy dispute in Bimbilla, including the process for choosing a chief (1999-April 2017)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
26 April 2017
Accessed Date:
15 September 2017
Title:
State involvement in chieftaincy matters, such as blood rituals for deceased chiefs and their successors, including legislation; consequences of divulging a secret ritual to another member of the same ethnic group, including the Kotokoli in the Volta...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
2 May 2017
Accessed Date:
15 September 2017
Title:
Bimbilla alive after Supreme Court ruling
Date of Document:
2 October 2018
Accessed Date:
14 September 2020
Title:
Ghana. World Directory of Minorities and Indigenous Peoples.
Source:
Minority Rights Group International
Date of Document:
October 2020
Accessed Date:
14 January 2022
14.
Exit/Entry and Freedom of Movement - (No items in this section)
15.
Labour, Employment and Unions - (No items in this section)
16.
Other - (No items in this section)
The following changes have been made to the previous package dated 31 January 2024:
Title:
Ghana. Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2022.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
20 March 2023
URL:
https://www.state.gov/reports/2022-country-reports-on-human-rights-practices/ghana
Accessed Date:
3 August 2023
Disclaimer
National Documentation Packages (NDPs) include country-of-origin information that is publicly accessible at the time of publication and available within time constraints. While the Research Directorate strives to maintain the
NDP with current information, the research is not exhaustive and country conditions can change rapidly. Members of the public are invited to
suggest documents they feel are relevant to the
NDP.
NDPs are not, and do not purport to be, conclusive as to the merit of any particular claim for refugee protection. Rather, they are intended to support the refugee determination process. The assessment and weight to be given to the information in the
NDPs are the responsibility of independent
IRB members (decision-makers) after considering the evidence and arguments presented by the parties.
All sources are fully cited, including a hyperlink, to facilitate the location of the information. The
IRB will attempt to ensure that these links are maintained for the most recent
NDP. It cannot guarantee or be responsible for:
- the functionality of links to external sources,
- the content accessed by these links,
- the availability of external content in both English and French,
- any other part of a third party website.
The information presented in
NDPs solely reflects the views and perspectives of the sources cited and does not necessarily reflect the position of the
IRB or the Government of Canada.