National Documentation Packages (NDPs) are lists of public documents that provide information on country conditions. Updates occur on a regular basis.
NDPs support the refugee determination process. They do not imply recognition of a particular territory's sovereignty or political status.
NDPs include Responses to Information Requests (RIRs) published by the IRB on its website which may have attachments that are inaccessible due to technical constraints and may include translations of documents originally written in languages other than English or French. To obtain a copy of such attachments and/or translated version of the
RIR attachments, please
email us.
Jurisprudential Guides Notes
Jurisprudential Guides Notes
On
July 28, 2022, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being a
Jurisprudential Guide:
-
Decision TC1 05038 – The proper interpretation of the ‘generalized risk’ exception to protection found at subparagraph 97(1)(b)(ii) of the Act, in claims for protection involving allegations of gang-targeting or other acts of criminality.
On
December 22, 2020, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being a
Jurisprudential Guide.
-
Decision MB8-00025 – This Jurisprudential Guide addresses, in applying Article 1E of the Refugee Convention, whether members should consider allegations of risk in a country of residence if they conclude that a refugee claimant has the rights and obligations which are attached to the possession of nationality in that country.
On
July 6, 2018, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being a
Jurisprudential Guide.
-
Decision TB7-19851 – Nigeria – This Jurisprudential Guide addresses internal flight alternatives in major cities in south and central Nigeria for claimants fleeing non-state actors.
Revoked
The country documentation referenced in each of these decisions has been included in s.16 of the updated National Documentation Packages published on July 10, 2018.
On
July 20, 2017, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being
Jurisprudential Guides.
-
Decision TB7-01837 – Pakistan – Whether the treatment experienced by Ahmadis in Pakistan amounts to persecution, whether state protection is available and whether there is a viable internal flight alternative.
-
Decision MB6-01059/60 – India – Availability of an internal flight alternative in India for claimants from Punjab.
Revoked
-
Decision TB6-11632 – China – Analysis of the efficacy of the Chinese national computer network known as the Golden Shield Project and its impact on whether a person wanted by the authorities can exit China via an airport using a genuine passport.
Revoked
The country documentation referenced in each of these decisions has been included in s.16 of the updated National Documentation Packages published on July 20, 2017.
Back
29 September 2023
ROMANIA
List of Documents
1.
General Information and Maps
Source:
United Nations. Cartographic Section.
Date of Document:
September 2008
Accessed Date:
22 October 2013
Title:
Roumanie. L'Encyclopédie en ligne.
Accessed Date:
5 October 2016
Title:
Romania. The World Factbook.
Source:
United States. Central Intelligence Agency.
Date of Document:
12 September 2023
Accessed Date:
18 September 2023
Title:
Romania. Social Security Programs Throughout the World: Europe, 2018.
Source:
United States. Social Security Administration.
Date of Document:
September 2018
Accessed Date:
25 October 2018
Title:
Roumanie : Généralités. L'aménagement linguistique dans le monde.
Source:
L'aménagement linguistique dans le monde
Date of Document:
29 January 2023
Accessed Date:
18 September 2023
Title:
Romania. BTI 2022 Country Report.
Date of Document:
February 2022
Accessed Date:
13 September 2022
Title:
Romania: An Overview. In Focus.
Source:
United States. Congressional Research Service.
Date of Document:
14 June 2022
Accessed Date:
13 September 2022
Title:
Romania Report. Sustainable Governance Indicators 2022.
Author:
Andrea Wagner; Lavinia Stan
Accessed Date:
18 September 2023
Title:
Présentation de la Roumanie
Source:
France. Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères.
Date of Document:
8 June 2022
Accessed Date:
13 September 2022
Title:
Report on the Implementation of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities
Accessed Date:
18 September 2023
Title:
State of Health in the EU: Romania Country Health Profile 2021
Source:
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development; European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies
Accessed Date:
13 September 2022
Title:
Key Policy Insights. OECD Economic Surveys: Romania 2022.
Source:
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
Author:
Caroline Klein et al.
Accessed Date:
13 September 2022
Title:
Romania. Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2022.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
20 March 2023
Accessed Date:
4 August 2023
Title:
Commissioner for Human Rights of the Council of Europe: Dunja Mijatović. Report Following Her Visit to Romania from 12 to 16 November 2018.
Source:
Council of Europe. Commissioner For Human Rights.
Date of Document:
28 February 2019
Accessed Date:
21 May 2019
Title:
Romania. Freedom in the World 2023.
Accessed Date:
18 September 2023
Title:
Romania. Nations in Transit 2023.
Author:
Claudia Badulescu
Accessed Date:
18 September 2023
Title:
Civic Space Report 2023: Romania.
Source:
European Civic Forum; Civic Space Watch.
Author:
Aarti Narsee et al.
Accessed Date:
18 September 2023
Title:
National report submitted pursuant to Human Rights Council resolutions 5/1 and 16/21: Romania
Code:
A/HRC/WG.6/43/ROU/1
Date of Document:
17 February 2023
Accessed Date:
18 September 2023
Title:
Romania. Country report: Non-discrimination.
Source:
European Commission. Directorate-General for Justice and Consumers.
Author:
Romanița Iordache
Accessed Date:
18 September 2023
Code:
A/HRC/WG.6/43/ROU/2
Source:
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights
Date of Document:
15 February 2023
Accessed Date:
18 September 2023
Title:
Summary of stakeholders' submissions on Romania
Code:
A/HRC/WG.6/43/ROU/3
Source:
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights
Date of Document:
26 January 2023
Accessed Date:
18 September 2023
Title:
Romania. Amnesty International Report 2022/23: The State of the World's Human Rights.
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
27 March 2023
Accessed Date:
18 September 2023
Title:
Information received from Romania on follow-up to the concluding observations on its fifth periodic report
Date of Document:
14 May 2021
Accessed Date:
10 August 2021
Title:
Sixth periodic report submitted by Romania under articles 16 and 17 of the Covenant, due in 2019
Date of Document:
14 July 2021
Accessed Date:
13 September 2022
Title:
Proposal to include “The Right to Adequate Housing” on the List of Issues for monitoring the implementation of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights in Romania
Source:
Block for Housing from Romania
Author:
Ioana Florea; Enikő Vincze
Accessed Date:
13 September 2022
Title:
Submission to the UN Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (CESCR) for the List of Issues on the occasion of the examination of the sixth periodic report submitted by Romania under article 16 and 17 of the Covenant
Source:
Romanian Institute for Human Rights
Accessed Date:
13 September 2022
Title:
Replies of Romania to the list of issues in relation to its sixth periodic report
Date of Document:
22 March 2023
Accessed Date:
18 September 2023
3.
Identification Documents and Citizenship
Title:
Act No. 21/1991 on Romanian Citizenship (Amended 2010)
Accessed Date:
23 October 2014
Title:
Country Report: Romania
Code:
RSCAS/EUDO-CIT-CR 2013/19
Source:
European University Institute. European Union Democracy Observatory on Citizenship.
Date of Document:
April 2013
Author:
Constantin Iordachi
Accessed Date:
23 October 2014
Title:
Romania. U. S. Visa: Reciprocity and Civil Documents by Country.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Accessed Date:
18 September 2023
4.
Political Activities and Organizations
Title:
Romania: Presidential election 10 and 24 November 2019. ODIHR Election Assessment Mission: Final Report.
Source:
Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe
Date of Document:
26 March 2020
Accessed Date:
10 August 2021
Title:
About parliament. Romania: Chamber of Deputies.
Source:
Inter-Parliamentary Union. Parline.
Accessed Date:
22 September 2023
Title:
Romania. Election for President (Round 1) of 10 November 2019.
Source:
International Foundation for Electoral Systems. Election Guide.
Accessed Date:
14 May 2020
Title:
Romania. Election for President (Round 2) of 24 November 2019.
Source:
International Foundation for Electoral Systems. Election Guide.
Accessed Date:
14 May 2020
Title:
Election results. Romania: Senate.
Source:
Inter-Parliamentary Union. Parline.
Accessed Date:
10 August 2021
Title:
Election results. Romania: Chamber of Deputies.
Source:
Inter-Parliamentary Union. Parline.
Accessed Date:
10 August 2021
Title:
Romania: Parliamentary elections 6 December 2020. ODIHR Special Election Assessment Mission: Final Report.
Source:
Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe
Date of Document:
23 April 2021
Accessed Date:
10 August 2021
Title:
Rookie nationalist party makes shock entry into Romania's parliament
Source:
Balkan Investigative Reporting Network
Date of Document:
7 December 2020
Author:
Marcel Gascón Barberá
Accessed Date:
22 September 2023
5.
Gender, Domestic Violence and Children
Title:
Romania. WAVE Country Report 2021: Women's Specialist Support Services in Europe and the impact of COVID-19 on their provision.
Source:
Women Against Violence Europe
Date of Document:
December 2021
Author:
Elena Floriani; Léa Dudouet
Editor:
Elena Biaggioni et al.
Accessed Date:
13 September 2022
Title:
Romania. Country report: Gender equality.
Source:
European Commission. Directorate-General for Justice and Consumers.
Accessed Date:
18 September 2023
Title:
Concluding observations on the combined seventh and eighth periodic reports of Romania
Source:
United Nations. Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women.
Date of Document:
24 July 2017
Accessed Date:
10 October 2018
Title:
Romanian NGOs' Uphill Battle for CSE in Schools, FP Clinics, Unrestricted Access to Abortion, and Trafficking Prevention
Source:
European Commission
Date of Document:
13 January 2023
Accessed Date:
18 September 2023
Title:
Concluding observations on the combined seventh and eighth periodic reports of Romania. Addendum: Information provided by Romania in follow-up to the concluding observations.
Code:
CEDAW/C/ROU/CO/7-8/Add.1
Date of Document:
31 October 2019
Accessed Date:
14 May 2020
Title:
Report of the Working Group on discrimination against women and girls on its visit to Romania
Source:
United Nations. Human Rights Council.
Date of Document:
20 April 2021
Accessed Date:
10 August 2021
Title:
Report submitted by Romania pursuant to Article 68, paragraph 1 of the Council of Europe Convention on preventing and combating violence against women and domestic violence (Baseline Report)
Source:
Romania. National Agency for Equal Opportunities between Women and Men.
Date of Document:
10 February 2020
Accessed Date:
13 September 2022
Title:
Measuring femicide in Romania
Source:
European Institute for Gender Equality
Date of Document:
22 November 2021
Accessed Date:
13 September 2022
Title:
GREVIO Baseline Evaluation Report: Romania
Source:
Council of Europe. Group of Experts on Action against Violence against Women and Domestic Violence.
Date of Document:
16 June 2022
Accessed Date:
13 September 2022
Title:
Comments submitted by Romania on GREVIO's final report on the implementation of the Council of Europe Convention on preventing and combating violence against women and domestic violence (Baseline Report)
Source:
Romania. Ministry of Family, Youth and Equal Opportunities; Romania. National Agency for Equal Opportunities between Women and Men.
Date of Document:
16 June 2022
Accessed Date:
13 September 2022
Title:
Report submitted by Romania under art. 12 (1) of the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography
Accessed Date:
18 September 2023
Title:
Romania. Annual Review of the Human Rights Situation of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex People in Europe and Central Asia 2023.
Source:
International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Association. ILGA-Europe.
Date of Document:
February 2023
Accessed Date:
18 September 2023
Title:
European Court of Human Rights rules Romania violated trans rights
Date of Document:
19 January 2021
Accessed Date:
10 August 2021
Title:
Joint Stakeholder Report on LGBTI rights and Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights in Romania
Source:
ACCEPT Association et al.
Date of Document:
May 2023
Accessed Date:
18 September 2023
7.
Criminality and Corruption
Title:
Evaluation report: Romania. Third evaluation round: Access to justice and effective remedies for victims of trafficking in human beings.
Source:
Council of Europe. Group of Experts on Action against Trafficking in Human Beings.
Date of Document:
3 June 2021
Accessed Date:
10 August 2021
Title:
Romania: Tier 2. Trafficking in Persons Report 2023.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
June 2023
Accessed Date:
18 September 2023
Title:
Fourth Evaluation Round. Corruption prevention in respect of members of parliament, judges and prosecutors. Third interim compliance report including follow-up to the ad hoc (rule 34) report. Romania.
Source:
Council of Europe. Group of States Against Corruption.
Date of Document:
25 January 2023
Accessed Date:
18 September 2023
Title:
OSAC Country Security Report. Romania.
Source:
United States. Overseas Security Advisory Council.
Date of Document:
17 December 2021
Accessed Date:
13 September 2022
Date of Document:
4 November 2020
Accessed Date:
19 September 2023
Title:
Romania. Global Organized Crime Index.
Source:
Global Initiative Against Transnational Organized Crime
Accessed Date:
19 September 2023
8.
Military Service - (No items in this section)
9.
Judiciary, Legal and Penal Systems
Title:
Requirements and procedures for obtaining police reports such as criminal complaints, criminal investigation reports, and a criminal record check, within the country as well as from abroad
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
3 April 2014
Accessed Date:
27 October 2014
Title:
Report from the Commission to the European Parliament and the Council on Progress in Romania under the Cooperation and Verification Mechanism
Code:
COM(2022) 664 final
Source:
European Union. European Commission.
Date of Document:
22 November 2022
Accessed Date:
19 September 2023
Title:
Towards Pre-trial Detention as Ultima Ratio. 2nd Romanian National Report on Expert Interviews.
Date of Document:
November 2017
Author:
Gabriel Oancea; Ioan Durnescu
Accessed Date:
21 May 2019
Title:
Visit to Romania undertaken from 3 to 12 May 2016: observations and recommendations addressed to the State party
Source:
United Nations. Subcommittee on Prevention of Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment.
Date of Document:
8 March 2018
Accessed Date:
10 October 2018
Title:
Report to the Romanian Government on the ad hoc visit to Romania carried out by the European Committee for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (CPT) from 10 to 21 May 2021
Source:
Council of Europe. European Committee for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment.
Date of Document:
14 April 2022
Accessed Date:
19 September 2023
Title:
Response of the Romanian Government to the report of the European Committee for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (CPT) on its ad hoc visit to Romania from 10 to 21 May 2021
Date of Document:
14 April 2022
Accessed Date:
19 September 2023
Title:
Implementation of the European Arrest Warrant: dysfunctionalities and bureaucracy. A case study on Romania.
Source:
Association for the Defence of Human Rights in Romania- the Helsinki Committee
Date of Document:
May 2018
Accessed Date:
21 May 2019
Title:
Visit to Romania undertaken from 3 to 12 May 2016: observations and recommendations addressed to the State party. Addendum: Replies of Romania.
Date of Document:
29 January 2019
Accessed Date:
14 May 2020
Title:
Update: Doing Legal Research in Romania
Date of Document:
August 2020
Author:
Anamaria Corbescu
Accessed Date:
10 August 2021
Title:
Third periodic report submitted by Romania under article 19 of the Convention pursuant to the simplified reporting procedure, due in 2019
Source:
United Nations. Committee against Torture.
Date of Document:
16 March 2020
Accessed Date:
10 August 2021
Title:
Romania. EU 2020: Demanding on Democracy. Country & Trend Reports on Democratic Records by Civil Liberties Organisations Across the European Union.
Source:
Civil Liberties Union for Europe; Association for the Defense of Human Rights in Romania – the Helsinki Committee
Date of Document:
March 2021
Accessed Date:
13 September 2022
Title:
Romania. Justice Delayed and Justice Denied: Non-Implementation of European Courts' Judgments and the Rule of Law.
Source:
European Implementation Network; Democracy Reporting International
Date of Document:
April 2022
Author:
George Stafford et al.
Accessed Date:
13 September 2022
Title:
2023 Rule of Law Report. Country Chapter on the rule of law situation in Romania
Code:
SWD(2023) 823 final
Source:
European Union. European Commission.
Date of Document:
5 July 2023
Accessed Date:
19 September 2023
Title:
Study concerning the respect for procedural rights of suspects and defendants from their perspective
Source:
Association for the Defence of Human Rights in Romania - the Helsinki Committee
Date of Document:
July 2022
Accessed Date:
19 September 2023
10.
Police and Security Forces
Title:
Romania. The Law on Police Use of Force Worldwide.
Source:
University of Pretoria. Institute for International and Comparative Law in Africa.
Accessed Date:
19 September 2023
Title:
Racism, police brutality and online hate: Why Romania's Roma are no nearer their Black Lives Matter moment
Source:
Balkan Investigative Reporting Network
Date of Document:
31 March 2021
Accessed Date:
22 September 2023
Title:
Romania. Brutal and Bigoted: Policing Roma in the EU.
Source:
European Roma Rights Centre
Date of Document:
May 2022
Accessed Date:
22 September 2023
Title:
Romania. Media Sustainability Index 2019.
Author:
Ioana Avădani; Cristina Lupu
Accessed Date:
14 May 2020
Title:
Monitoring Media Pluralism in the Digital Era: Application of the Media Pluralism Monitor in the European Union, Albania, Montenegro, Republic of North Macedonia, Serbia & Turkey in the year 2022: Country report: Romania.
Source:
European University Institute. Centre for Media Pluralism and Media Freedom.
Date of Document:
June 2023
Author:
Raluca Toma et al.
Accessed Date:
19 September 2023
Title:
Fundamental Rights under Siege, 2020: Exceptional Circumstances Create Dangerous Antecedents for the Romanian Press
Source:
Center for Independent Journalism
Author:
Dumitrița Holdiș et al.
Accessed Date:
10 August 2021
Title:
Journalists questioned over report; concerns remain over draft law on whistleblowers' protection
Date of Document:
23 July 2021
Accessed Date:
13 September 2022
Title:
Far-right party starts smear campaign to “blacklist” critical media
Date of Document:
7 February 2022
Accessed Date:
13 September 2022
Title:
Romania. International Religious Freedom Report for 2022.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
15 May 2023
Accessed Date:
19 September 2023
Title:
NCSEJ Country Report: Romania
Source:
National Coalition Supporting Eurasian Jewry
Accessed Date:
19 September 2023
Title:
Romania. Freedom of Thought Report.
Source:
Humanists International
Date of Document:
21 February 2020
Accessed Date:
22 September 2023
13.
Nationality, Ethnicity and Race
Title:
Fourth Opinion on Romania – adopted on 22 June 2017
Code:
ACFC/OP/IV(2017)005
Source:
Council of Europe. Advisory Committee on the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities.
Date of Document:
16 February 2018
Accessed Date:
18 October 2018
Title:
Second report of the Committee of Experts in respect of Romania
Source:
Council of Europe. Committee of Experts of the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages.
Date of Document:
7 February 2018
Accessed Date:
21 May 2019
Title:
Comments of the Government of Romania on the Fourth Opinion of the Advisory Committee on the implementation of the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities by Romania
Code:
GVT/COM/IV(2018)001
Date of Document:
16 February 2018
Accessed Date:
21 May 2019
Title:
Situation and treatment of Roma, including ability to access housing, employment, education, and healthcare; state protection; impact of COVID-19 (2019–July 2021)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Accessed Date:
25 August 2021
Title:
Fifth Report submitted by Romania Pursuant to Article 25, paragraph 2 of the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities – received on 8 November 2019
Date of Document:
8 November 2019
Accessed Date:
10 August 2021
Title:
Civil society monitoring report on the quality of the national strategic framework for Roma equality, inclusion, and participation in Romania
Source:
Roma Civil Monitor
Date of Document:
May 2022
Accessed Date:
19 September 2023
Title:
Romania. World Directory of Minorities and Indigenous Peoples.
Source:
Minority Rights Group International
Date of Document:
May 2020
Accessed Date:
10 August 2021
Title:
ECRI Report on Romania (fifth monitoring cycle)
Source:
Council of Europe. European Commission Against Racism and Intolerance.
Date of Document:
5 June 2019
Accessed Date:
22 May 2020
Title:
Strategy of the Romanian Government on inclusion of Romanian citizens belonging to the Roma minority for the period 2022 to 2027
Accessed Date:
19 September 2023
Title:
Romania. Blighted Lives: Romani Children in State Care.
Source:
European Roma Rights Centre
Date of Document:
January 2021
Accessed Date:
10 August 2021
Title:
Combined twentieth to twenty-second reports submitted by Romania under article 9 of the Convention, due in 2013
Source:
United Nations. Committee on the Elimination of Racial discrimination.
Date of Document:
4 April 2022
Accessed Date:
13 September 2022
Title:
Romania. Roma Rights in the Time of COVID.
Source:
European Roma Rights Centre
Date of Document:
September 2020
Accessed Date:
18 September 2020
Title:
The Law of the Jungle. The Online Hate-speech against the Roma in Romania
Source:
Victims & Offenders
Accessed Date:
13 September 2022
Title:
Antigypsyism in Romania: Lessons (not) learned
Date of Document:
17 November 2022
Author:
Iulius Rostas; Ciprian Nodis
Accessed Date:
19 September 2023
Title:
Country Report: Romania. Protection against racism, xenophobia and racial discrimination, and the EU Anti-racism Action Plan.
Source:
European Parliament. Policy Department for Citizens' Rights and Constitutional Affairs.
Date of Document:
May 2022
Author:
Quentin Liger; Mirja Guhteil
Accessed Date:
22 September 2022
14.
Exit/Entry and Freedom of Movement
Title:
European Union: Application of the Protocol on Asylum for Nationals of Member States of the European Union (2013-June 2015)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
9 July 2015
Accessed Date:
31 July 2015
Title:
European Union: Freedom of movement, residency and social security regulations for European Union (EU) nationals who move to other EU countries; the situation of Czech, Hungarian, and Slovak nationals who move to other EU countries, including...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
16 July 2015
Accessed Date:
31 July 2015
Source:
European Council on Refugees and Exiles. Asylum Information Database.
Accessed Date:
19 September 2023
Title:
Submission to the Committee on the Economic, Social and Cultural Rights: Written Input for the 69th Session of the Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. Romania.
Source:
Border Violence Monitoring Network
Accessed Date:
19 September 2023
Title:
Temporary Protection Romania
Source:
European Council on Refugees and Exiles. Asylum Information Database.
Accessed Date:
19 September 2023
15.
Labour, Employment and Unions
Title:
Revaluation of working conditions and wages for essential workers. Annex 3.5., Country study on Romania.
Source:
European Parliament. Directorate-General for Internal Policies of the Union.
Date of Document:
January 2022
Author:
Cristina Vasilescu
Accessed Date:
15 September 2022
16.
Other - (No items in this section)
The following changes have been made to the previous package dated 31 August 2023:
Title:
Romania. The World Factbook.
Source:
United States. Central Intelligence Agency.
Date of Document:
20 September 2022
URL:
https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/romania/
Accessed Date:
22 September 2022
Title:
Roumanie : Généralités. L'aménagement linguistique dans le monde.
Source:
L'aménagement linguistique dans le monde
Date of Document:
30 August 2021
URL:
https://www.axl.cefan.ulaval.ca/europe/roumanie-1Info-demo.htm
Accessed Date:
13 September 2022
Title:
Romania Report. Sustainable Governance Indicators 2020.
Author:
Andrea Wagner; Lavinia Stan
URL:
https://www.sgi-network.org/docs/2020/country/SGI2020_Romania.pdf
Accessed Date:
10 August 2021
Title:
Romania. Freedom in the World 2022.
URL:
https://freedomhouse.org/country/romania/freedom-world/2022
Accessed Date:
13 September 2022
Title:
Romania. Nations in Transit 2022.
Author:
Claudia Badulescu
URL:
https://freedomhouse.org/country/romania/nations-transit/2022
Accessed Date:
13 September 2022
Title:
Romania. Country report: Non-discrimination.
Source:
European Commission. Directorate-General for Justice and Consumers.
Author:
Romanița Iordache
URL:
https://www.equalitylaw.eu/downloads/5492-romania-country-report-non-discrimination-2021-1-34-mb
Accessed Date:
13 September 2022
Title:
Romania. Amnesty International Report 2021/22: The State of the World's Human Rights.
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
29 March 2022
URL:
https://www.amnesty.org/fr/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/POL1048702022ENGLISH.pdf
Accessed Date:
27 September 2022
Title:
Romania. U. S. Visa: Reciprocity and Civil Documents by Country.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
URL:
https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/us-visas/Visa-Reciprocity-and-Civil-Documents-by-Country/Romania.html
Accessed Date:
22 September 2022
Title:
About parliament. Romania: Chamber of Deputies.
Source:
Inter-Parliamentary Union. Parline.
URL:
https://data.ipu.org/content/romania?chamber_id=13509
Accessed Date:
10 August 2021
Title:
Romania. Country report: Gender equality.
Source:
European Commission. Directorate-General for Justice and Consumers.
URL:
https://www.equalitylaw.eu/downloads/5414-romania-country-report-gender-equality-2021-1-08-mb
Accessed Date:
13 September 2022
Title:
Romania. Annual Review of the Human Rights Situation of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex People in Europe and Central Asia 2022.
Source:
International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Association. ILGA-Europe.
Date of Document:
10 February 2022
URL:
https://rainbow-europe.org/annual-review
Accessed Date:
13 September 2022
Title:
Romania: Tier 2. Trafficking in Persons Report 2022.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
19 July 2022
URL:
https://www.state.gov/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/337308-2022-TIP-REPORT-inaccessible.pdf
Accessed Date:
13 September 2022
Title:
Fourth Evaluation Round. Corruption prevention in respect of members of parliament, judges and prosecutors. Second interim compliance report including follow-up to the ad hoc (rule 34) report. Romania.
Source:
Council of Europe. Group of States Against Corruption.
Date of Document:
5 May 2021
URL:
https://rm.coe.int/fourth-evaluation-round-corruption-prevention-in-respect-of-members-of/1680a25b1b
Accessed Date:
10 August 2021
Title:
Romania Corruption Report
Source:
Risk and Compliance Portal. GAN Integrity.
Date of Document:
April 2020
URL:
https://www.ganintegrity.com/portal/country-profiles/romania/
Accessed Date:
10 August 2021
Title:
Report from the Commission to the European Parliament and the Council on Progress in Romania under the Cooperation and Verification Mechanism
Code:
COM(2021) 370 final
Source:
European Commission
Date of Document:
8 June 2021
URL:
https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/default/files/progress_report_romania_com2021_370_fina.pdf
Accessed Date:
10 August 2021
Title:
Romania. The Law on Police Use of Force Worldwide.
Source:
University of Pretoria. Institute for International and Comparative Law in Africa.
URL:
https://www.policinglaw.info/country/romania
Accessed Date:
13 September 2022
Title:
Monitoring Media Pluralism in the Digital Era: Application of the Media Pluralism Monitor in the European Union, Albania and Turkey in the years 2018-2019. Country report: Romania.
Source:
European University Institute. Centre for Media Pluralism and Media Freedom.
Author:
Marina Popescu et al.
URL:
https://cadmus.eui.eu/bitstream/handle/1814/67815/romania_results_mpm_2020_cmpf.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
Accessed Date:
10 August 2021
Title:
Romania. International Religious Freedom Report for 2021.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
2 June 2022
URL:
https://www.state.gov/reports/2021-report-on-international-religious-freedom/romania/
Accessed Date:
13 September 2022
Title:
NCSEJ Country Report: Romania
Source:
National Coalition Supporting Eurasian Jewry
URL:
https://www.ncsej.org/_files/ugd/442b91_6037c9c6a6a94a3f9ab295aea9f7c110.pdf
Accessed Date:
22 September 2022
Source:
European Council on Refugees and Exiles. Asylum Information Database.; Jesuit Refugee Service
URL:
https://asylumineurope.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/AIDA-RO_2021update.pdf
Accessed Date:
15 September 2022
Title:
COVID-19 and people with disabilities: Assessing the impact of the crisis and informing disability-inclusive next steps: Romania
Source:
European Commission. Directorate-General for Employment, Social Affairs and Inclusion.
Author:
Oana-Georgiana Gîrlescu
URL:
https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/bb8d7d11-9845-11ec-b4e4-01aa75ed71a1/language-en/format-PDF/source-261845407
Accessed Date:
13 September 2022
Title:
Report of the Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights on his mission to Romania
Source:
United Nations. Human Rights Council.
Date of Document:
8 April 2016
URL:
http://undocs.org/en/A/HRC/32/31/Add.2
Accessed Date:
9 August 2016
Title:
National report submitted in accordance with paragraph 5 of the annex to Human Rights Council resolution 16/21: Romania
Code:
A/HRC/WG.6/29/ROU/1
Date of Document:
27 December 2017
URL:
https://undocs.org/en/A/HRC/WG.6/29/ROU/1
Accessed Date:
10 October 2018
Title:
Compilation on Romania
Code:
A/HRC/WG.6/29/ROU/2
Source:
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights
Date of Document:
9 November 2017
URL:
http://undocs.org/en/A/HRC/WG.6/29/ROU/2
Accessed Date:
10 October 2018
Title:
Summary of stakeholders' submissions on Romania
Code:
A/HRC/WG.6/29/ROU/3
Source:
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights
Date of Document:
2 November 2017
URL:
http://undocs.org/en/A/HRC/WG.6/29/ROU/3
Accessed Date:
10 October 2018
Title:
Romania. Social Institutions and Gender Index 2019.
Source:
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
Date of Document:
7 December 2018
URL:
https://www.genderindex.org/wp-content/uploads/files/datasheets/2019/RO.pdf
Accessed Date:
5 February 2019
Title:
Report to the Romanian Government on the visit to Romania carried out by the European Committee for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (CPT) from 7 to 19 February 2018
Source:
Council of Europe. European Committee for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment.
Date of Document:
19 March 2019
URL:
https://rm.coe.int/16809390a6
Accessed Date:
21 May 2019
Title:
Response of the Romanian Government to the report of the European Committee for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (CPT) on its visit to Romania from 7 to 19 February 2018
Date of Document:
19 March 2019
URL:
https://rm.coe.int/1680939162
Accessed Date:
21 May 2019
Title:
Joint submission to the Council of Europe on implementation of police brutality judgments in Romania (June 2016)
Source:
European Roma Rights Centre et al.
Date of Document:
7 June 2016
URL:
http://www.errc.org/article/joint-submission-to-the-council-of-europe-on-implementation-of-police-brutality-judgments-in-romania-june-2016/4488
Accessed Date:
5 October 2016
Title:
Civil society monitoring report on implementation of the national Roma integration strategy in Romania: Assessing progress in key policy areas of the strategy.
Source:
Roma Civil Monitor et al.
Date of Document:
December 2018
URL:
https://cps.ceu.edu/sites/cps.ceu.edu/files/attachment/basicpage/3034/rcm-civil-society-monitoring-report-2-romania-2018-eprint.pdf
Accessed Date:
14 May 2020
Title:
Annex 1. Strategy of the government of Romania for the inclusion of the Romanian citizens belonging to Roma minority for 2015-2020
Source:
Council of Europe
URL:
https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/roma_romania_strategy2_en.pdf
Accessed Date:
14 May 2020
Title:
Unprecedented times? Romanian Roma and discrimination during the COVID-19 pandemic. Viral Loads: Anthropologies of urgency in the time of COVID-19.
Editor:
Lenore Manderson et al.
URL:
https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctv1j13zb3.14?seq=1
Accessed Date:
15 September 2022
Title:
Romania's Compliance with the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights: Written Input for the 69th Session of the United Nations Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights Pre-Sessional Working Group
Source:
Border Violence Monitoring Network
Date of Document:
9 August 2021
URL:
https://tbinternet.ohchr.org/Treaties/CESCR/Shared%20Documents/ROU/INT_CESCR_ICO_ROU_46493_E.docx
Accessed Date:
15 September 2022
Title:
Report on the Implementation of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities
URL:
https://tbinternet.ohchr.org/_layouts/15/treatybodyexternal/Download.aspx?symbolno=CRPD%2FC%2FROU%2F1&Lang=en
Accessed Date:
18 September 2023
Title:
Civic Space Report 2023: Romania.
Source:
European Civic Forum; Civic Space Watch.
Author:
Aarti Narsee et al.
URL:
https://civic-forum.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/Civic-Space-Report-2023-ROMANIA-European-Civic-Forum.pdf
Accessed Date:
18 September 2023
Title:
National report submitted pursuant to Human Rights Council resolutions 5/1 and 16/21: Romania
Code:
A/HRC/WG.6/43/ROU/1
Date of Document:
17 February 2023
URL:
https://undocs.org/en/A/HRC/WG.6/43/ROU/1
Accessed Date:
18 September 2023
Code:
A/HRC/WG.6/43/ROU/2
Source:
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights
Date of Document:
15 February 2023
URL:
http://undocs.org/en/A/HRC/WG.6/43/ROU/2
Accessed Date:
18 September 2023
Title:
Summary of stakeholders' submissions on Romania
Code:
A/HRC/WG.6/43/ROU/3
Source:
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights
Date of Document:
26 January 2023
URL:
http://undocs.org/en/A/HRC/WG.6/43/ROU/3
Accessed Date:
18 September 2023
Title:
Replies of Romania to the list of issues in relation to its sixth periodic report
Date of Document:
22 March 2023
URL:
http://undocs.org/en/E/C.12/ROU/RQ/6
Accessed Date:
18 September 2023
Title:
Romanian NGOs' Uphill Battle for CSE in Schools, FP Clinics, Unrestricted Access to Abortion, and Trafficking Prevention
Source:
European Commission
Date of Document:
13 January 2023
URL:
https://commission.europa.eu/system/files/2023-01/mlp_ro_comments%20paper_november_2022.pdf
Accessed Date:
18 September 2023
Title:
Report submitted by Romania under art. 12 (1) of the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography
URL:
https://tbinternet.ohchr.org/_layouts/15/treatybodyexternal/Download.aspx?symbolno=CRC%2FC%2FOPSC%2FROU%2F1&Lang=en
Accessed Date:
18 September 2023
Title:
Joint Stakeholder Report on LGBTI rights and Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights in Romania
Source:
ACCEPT Association et al.
Date of Document:
May 2023
URL:
https://www.upr-info.org/sites/default/files/country-document/2023-04/JS2_UPR43_ROM_E_Main.pdf
Accessed Date:
18 September 2023
Title:
Romania. Global Organized Crime Index.
Source:
Global Initiative Against Transnational Organized Crime
URL:
https://ocindex.net/country/romania
Accessed Date:
19 September 2023
Title:
Report to the Romanian Government on the ad hoc visit to Romania carried out by the European Committee for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (CPT) from 10 to 21 May 2021
Source:
Council of Europe. European Committee for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment.
Date of Document:
14 April 2022
URL:
https://rm.coe.int/1680a62e4b
Accessed Date:
19 September 2023
Title:
Response of the Romanian Government to the report of the European Committee for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (CPT) on its ad hoc visit to Romania from 10 to 21 May 2021
Date of Document:
14 April 2022
URL:
https://rm.coe.int/1680a62e4d
Accessed Date:
19 September 2023
Title:
2023 Rule of Law Report. Country Chapter on the rule of law situation in Romania
Code:
SWD(2023) 823 final
Source:
European Union. European Commission.
Date of Document:
5 July 2023
URL:
https://commission.europa.eu/document/download/da0ccbd8-ad1a-4876-961e-00ce13ba2f1a_en?filename=52_1_52630_coun_chap_romania_en.pdf
Accessed Date:
19 September 2023
Title:
Study concerning the respect for procedural rights of suspects and defendants from their perspective
Source:
Association for the Defence of Human Rights in Romania - the Helsinki Committee
Date of Document:
July 2022
URL:
https://apador.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/Raport-detinuti_En_online_2-pag.pdf
Accessed Date:
19 September 2023
Title:
Civil society monitoring report on the quality of the national strategic framework for Roma equality, inclusion, and participation in Romania
Source:
Roma Civil Monitor
Date of Document:
May 2022
URL:
https://romacivilmonitoring.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/RCM2-2022-C1-Romania-FINAL-PUBLISHED-CATALOGUE.pdf
Accessed Date:
19 September 2023
Title:
Strategy of the Romanian Government on inclusion of Romanian citizens belonging to the Roma minority for the period 2022 to 2027
URL:
https://commission.europa.eu/system/files/2022-10/1_1romania_national_roma_strategic_framework_2022_2027.pdf
Accessed Date:
19 September 2023
Title:
Antigypsyism in Romania: Lessons (not) learned
Date of Document:
17 November 2022
Author:
Iulius Rostas; Ciprian Nodis
URL:
https://antigypsyism.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/D2.2._CHACHIPEN-National-Research-Report-on-Romania_final_complete_formatted.pdf
Accessed Date:
19 September 2023
Title:
Submission to the Committee on the Economic, Social and Cultural Rights: Written Input for the 69th Session of the Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. Romania.
Source:
Border Violence Monitoring Network
URL:
https://borderviolence.eu/app/uploads/BVMN_CESCR_Romania.pdf
Accessed Date:
19 September 2023
Title:
Temporary Protection Romania
Source:
European Council on Refugees and Exiles. Asylum Information Database.
URL:
https://asylumineurope.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/AIDA_RO_Temporary-Protection_2022.pdf
Accessed Date:
19 September 2023
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