National Documentation Packages (NDPs) are lists of public documents that provide information on country conditions. Updates occur on a regular basis.
NDPs support the refugee determination process. They do not imply recognition of a particular territory's sovereignty or political status.
NDPs include Responses to Information Requests (RIRs) published by the IRB on its website which may have attachments that are inaccessible due to technical constraints and may include translations of documents originally written in languages other than English or French. To obtain a copy of such attachments and/or translated version of the
RIR attachments, please
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Jurisprudential Guides Notes
Jurisprudential Guides Notes
On
July 28, 2022, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being a
Jurisprudential Guide:
-
Decision TC1 05038 – The proper interpretation of the ‘generalized risk’ exception to protection found at subparagraph 97(1)(b)(ii) of the Act, in claims for protection involving allegations of gang-targeting or other acts of criminality.
On
December 22, 2020, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being a
Jurisprudential Guide.
-
Decision MB8-00025 – This Jurisprudential Guide addresses, in applying Article 1E of the Refugee Convention, whether members should consider allegations of risk in a country of residence if they conclude that a refugee claimant has the rights and obligations which are attached to the possession of nationality in that country.
On
July 6, 2018, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being a
Jurisprudential Guide.
-
Decision TB7-19851 – Nigeria – This Jurisprudential Guide addresses internal flight alternatives in major cities in south and central Nigeria for claimants fleeing non-state actors.
Revoked
The country documentation referenced in each of these decisions has been included in s.16 of the updated National Documentation Packages published on July 10, 2018.
On
July 20, 2017, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being
Jurisprudential Guides.
-
Decision TB7-01837 – Pakistan – Whether the treatment experienced by Ahmadis in Pakistan amounts to persecution, whether state protection is available and whether there is a viable internal flight alternative.
-
Decision MB6-01059/60 – India – Availability of an internal flight alternative in India for claimants from Punjab.
Revoked
-
Decision TB6-11632 – China – Analysis of the efficacy of the Chinese national computer network known as the Golden Shield Project and its impact on whether a person wanted by the authorities can exit China via an airport using a genuine passport.
Revoked
The country documentation referenced in each of these decisions has been included in s.16 of the updated National Documentation Packages published on July 20, 2017.
Back
12 June 2020
COLOMBIA
List of Documents
1.
General Information and Maps
Source:
United States. Central Intelligence Agency.
Accessed Date:
14 November 2012
Title:
Colombia's illegal armed groups (maps)
Date of Document:
20 July 2019
Accessed Date:
13 May 2020
Title:
Colombie. L'Encyclopédie en ligne.
Accessed Date:
14 November 2012
Title:
Resguardos y Grupos Indígenas y Títulos Afro-Colombianos
Source:
United Nations. Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs.
Accessed Date:
16 April 2015
Title:
Colombia. The World Factbook.
Source:
United States. Central Intelligence Agency.
Date of Document:
2 June 2020
Accessed Date:
11 June 2020
Title:
2019 Humanitarian Needs Overview: Colombia
Source:
United Nations. Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs.
Date of Document:
November 2018
Accessed Date:
13 May 2020
Title:
UNHCR Eligibility Guidelines for Assessing the International Protection Needs of Asylum-Seekers from Colombia
Source:
United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
Date of Document:
September 2015
Accessed Date:
26 October 2015
Title:
Colombia: Fact-Finding Mission Report: Conflict Dynamics in the Post-FARC-EP Period and State Protection
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
March 2020
Accessed Date:
25 May 2020
Title:
Political and Economic Situation. Colombia: Background and U.S. Relations.
Source:
United States. Congressional Research Service.
Date of Document:
29 November 2019
Accessed Date:
13 May 2020
Title:
BTI 2020 Country Report — Colombia
Source:
Bertelsmann Stiftung
Accessed Date:
25 May 2020
Title:
Colombia. Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2019.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
11 March 2020
Accessed Date:
16 March 2020
Title:
Colombia. World Report 2020: Events of 2019.
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
January 2020
Accessed Date:
13 May 2020
Title:
Report of the Secretary-General on the United Nations Verification Mission in Colombia
Source:
United Nations. Security Council.
Date of Document:
26 March 2020
Accessed Date:
25 May 2020
Title:
Colombia. Human Rights in the Americas: Review of 2019.
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
27 February 2020
Accessed Date:
11 June 2020
Title:
Report of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights on the situation of human rights in Colombia
Source:
United Nations. Human Rights Council.
Date of Document:
8 May 2020
Accessed Date:
11 June 2020
Title:
Colombia. Freedom in the World 2020.
Accessed Date:
25 May 2020
Title:
We are Defenders Programme (Programa Somos Defensores), including objectives, members and activities; treatment of members, including instances of violence
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
16 November 2016
Accessed Date:
20 April 2017
Title:
Colombia: Human Rights and the Peace Agreement: Amnesty International Submission for the UN Universal Periodic Review, 30th Session of the UPR Working Group, May 2018
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
26 October 2017
Accessed Date:
13 April 2018
Title:
Colombia: No Peace for Human Rights Defenders
Source:
International Federation for Human Rights; World Organization Against Torture
Date of Document:
May 2018
Accessed Date:
23 April 2019
Title:
Women defenders of agricultural, territorial, and environmental rights in Colombia: Risking their lives for peace
Source:
OXFAM International
Date of Document:
2 October 2019
Accessed Date:
13 May 2020
Title:
Columbia. Follow-up to Recommendations Made by the IACHR in its Country or Thematic Reports. Annual Report 2019.
Source:
Organization of American States. Inter-American Commission on Human Rights.
Accessed Date:
25 May 2020
Title:
Violations of Afro-Colombian women's human rights: A report for the United Nations Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination
Source:
Proceso de Comunidades Negras (PCN) et al.
Date of Document:
23 September 2019
Accessed Date:
13 May 2020
Title:
Visit to Colombia: Report of the Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights defenders
Source:
United Nations. Human Rights Council.
Date of Document:
26 December 2019
Accessed Date:
13 May 2020
Title:
National report submitted in accordance with paragraph 5 of the annex to Human Rights Council resolution 16/21: Colombia
Code:
A/HRC/WG.6/30/COL/1
Date of Document:
26 February 2018
Accessed Date:
23 April 2019
Title:
Compilation on Colombia
Code:
A/HRC/WG.6/30/COL/2
Source:
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights
Date of Document:
12 March 2018
Accessed Date:
23 April 2019
Title:
Summary of Stakeholders' submissions on Colombia
Code:
A/HRC/WG.6/30/COL/3
Source:
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights
Date of Document:
12 March 2018
Accessed Date:
23 April 2019
Title:
Report on the Situation of Human Rights Defenders and Social Leaders in Colombia
Code:
OEA/Ser.L/V/II. Doc.262/19
Source:
Organization of American States. Inter-American Commission on Human Rights.
Date of Document:
6 December 2019
Accessed Date:
22 May 2020
3.
Identification Documents and Citizenship
Title:
Driver's licences, including format and process to obtain one; renewal process, including whether it can be done outside the country
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
3 April 2013
Accessed Date:
26 April 2013
Title:
Title III, Chapters 1-4 of the Constitution of Colombia, 1991
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
7 April 2014
Accessed Date:
28 April 2014
Title:
Report on Citizenship Law: Colombia
Source:
European University Institute. European Union Democracy Observatory on Citizenship.
Date of Document:
May 2015
Accessed Date:
11 April 2016
Title:
Requirements and procedures to obtain a biometric passport from within Colombia and abroad, including requirements and procedures to replace a lost or stolen passport and to renew an expired passport; appearance and security features of the passport...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
11 April 2016
Accessed Date:
28 April 2016
Title:
Requirements and procedures for obtaining a medical report within Colombia as well as from abroad; whether medical reports can be obtained through a proxy; if so, requirements and procedures; whether there is a national standard format for medical...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
4 January 2012
Accessed Date:
14 November 2012
Title:
Colombia. U.S. Visa: Reciprocity and Civil Documents by Country.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Accessed Date:
13 May 2020
Title:
Requirements and procedures for a person born in another country to Colombian parents to acquire citizenship; requirements and procedures for the spouse and child of a citizen to obtain permanent residency; rights and social benefits available...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
9 July 2014
Accessed Date:
20 April 2015
Title:
V. Colombia. Born in the Americas: The Promise and Practice of Nationality Laws in Brazil, Chile, and Colombia.
Source:
Open Society Foundations. Open Society Justice Initiative.
Date of Document:
March 2017
Accessed Date:
24 April 2017
Title:
Colombia and Venezuela: Whether Colombian citizenship is transmitted through both parents and whether both parents are required to provide identification documents; alternative application procedures when one parent is estranged from the child...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
1 May 2020
Accessed Date:
29 May 2020
Title:
Prevalence of fraudulent documents, including whether genuine documents can be obtained using false information; reports of fraudulent documents such as letters of employment, letters about community activism or involvement in a teacher's ...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
19 November 2019
Accessed Date:
25 May 2020
Title:
Colombia and Venezuela: Whether a Venezuelan national who was born to a Colombian parent has the right to Colombian nationality; requirements and procedures for a Venezuelan national to access Colombian nationality (2016-May 2018)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
23 May 2018
Accessed Date:
29 May 2018
4.
Political Activities and Organizations
Title:
Republic of Colombia. Election for President of 17 June 2018.
Source:
International Foundation for Electoral Systems. Election Guide.
Accessed Date:
23 April 2019
Title:
Citing extermination plan, FARC members and families abandon reintegration site
Date of Document:
31 January 2020
Accessed Date:
13 May 2020
Title:
Chronicle of a Threat Foretold: the ex-FARC Mafia
Date of Document:
11 November 2019
Accessed Date:
13 May 2020
Title:
National Liberation Army
Source:
Stanford University. Mapping Militant Organizations.
Date of Document:
July 2019
Accessed Date:
13 May 2020
Title:
Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia
Source:
Stanford University. Mapping Militant Organizations.
Date of Document:
July 2019
Accessed Date:
19 May 2020
Title:
Colombia. Cámara de Representantes (House of Representatives).
Source:
Inter-Parliamentary Union. Parline.
Date of Document:
16 August 2018
Accessed Date:
23 April 2019
Title:
The Missing Peace: Colombia's New Government and Last Guerillas. Latin America Report N°68.
Source:
International Crisis Group
Date of Document:
12 July 2018
Accessed Date:
23 April 2019
Title:
Major Implications of Former FARC Leadership Returning to War
Date of Document:
29 August 2019
Author:
Juan Diego Posada
Accessed Date:
19 May 2020
Title:
The Conservative Party of Colombia (Partido Conservador Colombiano, PCC), including mandate and platform; activities of the PCC in Santiago de Cali related to social programs funded or run by the PCC for former members of the guerrilla and th...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
11 April 2014
Accessed Date:
20 April 2015
Title:
Calming the Restless Pacific: Violence and Crime on Colombia's Coast
Source:
International Crisis Group
Date of Document:
8 August 2019
Accessed Date:
19 May 2020
5.
Gender, Domestic Violence and Children
Title:
Colombia. Social Institutions and Gender Index 2019.
Source:
Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development
Date of Document:
7 December 2018
Accessed Date:
11 June 2020
Title:
Ninth periodic report of Colombia under article 18 of the Convention, due in 2017
Date of Document:
4 December 2017
Accessed Date:
13 April 2018
Title:
Access to justice for women victims of sexual violence. Sixth Monitoring Report on Auto 092 of 2008 and the First Monitoring Report on Auto 009 of 2015 of the Constitutional Court - Confidential Annexes.
Source:
The Working Group to monitor compliance with Constitutional Court Auto 092 and 009 and its Confidential Annexes
Date of Document:
March 2016
Accessed Date:
24 April 2017
Title:
Domestic violence, including legislation; state protection and support services available to victims in Bogotá, Santiago de Cali, and Medellín (2014-April 2017)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
21 April 2017
Accessed Date:
26 May 2017
Title:
Gender and the role of women in Colombia's Peace Process
Source:
United States Institute of Peace
Date of Document:
4 March 2016
Author:
Virginia M. Bouvier
Accessed Date:
13 April 2017
Title:
Children and armed conflict in Colombia
Source:
United Nations. Security Council.
Date of Document:
31 December 2019
Accessed Date:
19 May 2020
Title:
A Battle Not Yet Over: Displacement and Women's Needs in Post-Peace Agreement Colombia
Source:
Refugees International
Date of Document:
December 2016
Author:
Francisca Vigaud-Walsh
Accessed Date:
13 April 2017
Title:
Colombian court recognises victims of sexual violence within ranks of the FARC
Date of Document:
10 January 2020
Author:
Julia Zulver; Sanne Weber
Accessed Date:
19 May 2020
Title:
Colombia. Education Under Attack 2018.
Source:
Global Coalition to Prevent Education from Attack
Accessed Date:
23 April 2019
Title:
Colombia's displaced indigenous women. Forced Migration Review.
Source:
Refugee Studies Centre. University of Oxford.
Date of Document:
October 2017
Author:
Gina Escobar Cuero
Accessed Date:
13 April 2018
Title:
Concluding observations on the ninth periodic report of Colombia
Source:
United Nations. Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women.
Date of Document:
14 March 2019
Accessed Date:
19 May 2020
Title:
Situation of LGBTI Human Rights in Colombia. Report submitted to the Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, 62nd Session, September 18 to October 6 2017
Source:
Corporación Caribe Afirmativo et al.
Date of Document:
August 2017
Accessed Date:
13 April 2018
Title:
Mapping Trans Rights in Colombia
Source:
OutRight Action International
Date of Document:
23 November 2016
Accessed Date:
13 April 2017
Title:
Situation and treatment of sexual and gender minorities, including treatment by authorities and society; state protection and support services available (2017-May 2020)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
26 May 2020
Accessed Date:
9 June 2020
Title:
Stress, Health, and Well-being of LGBT People in Colombia: Results from a National Survey
Source:
UCLA School of Law. Williams Institute.
Date of Document:
April 2020
Author:
Soon Kyu Choi et al.
Accessed Date:
10 June 2020
Title:
The Struggle for Gendered Peace and LGBT Rights in Colombia
Source:
Latin America and Caribbean Centre
Date of Document:
July 2019
Accessed Date:
19 May 2020
7.
Criminality and Corruption
Title:
Colombia. International Narcotics Control Strategy Report 2020, Volume I: Drug and Chemical Control.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
March 2020
Accessed Date:
22 May 2020
Title:
Paramilitary successor groups and criminal bands (bandas criminales, BACRIM), areas of operation and criminal activities, including the Clan del Golfo (also known as Urabeños or Autodefensas Gaitanistas de Colombia); state response ...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
24 April 2017
Accessed Date:
26 May 2017
Title:
State protection programs for victims and witnesses of crimes; requirements to access the programs; statistics on the number of applications for relocation that are granted and refused; duration and effectiveness of these programs (2012-March 2016)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
6 April 2016
Accessed Date:
22 April 2016
Title:
Colombia's most important post-FARC drug trafficking groups
Date of Document:
8 February 2017
Accessed Date:
19 April 2018
Title:
Colombia. International Narcotics Control Strategy Report 2020, Volume II: Money Laundering.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
March 2020
Accessed Date:
22 May 2020
Title:
Colombia: Tier 1. Trafficking in Persons Report 2019.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
20 June 2019
Accessed Date:
19 May 2020
Title:
Colombia's drug trade
Date of Document:
12 January 2019
Accessed Date:
19 May 2020
Title:
Republique de Colombie : Situation sécuritaire. COI Focus.
Source:
Belgium. Commissariat general aux réfugiés et aux apatrides.
Date of Document:
7 June 2018
Accessed Date:
23 April 2019
Title:
Recycled Violence: Abuses by FARC Dissident Groups in Tumaco on Colombia's Pacific Coast
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
13 December 2018
Accessed Date:
23 April 2019
Title:
Colombia: The Black Eagles (Águilas Negras), including areas of operation and criminal activities; whether the Black Eagles seek out individuals within Colombia and abroad; state protection available (2014-March 2015)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
14 July 2015
Accessed Date:
14 July 2015
Title:
Organizational structure of the Black Eagles (Águilas Negras), including whether the group operates under a unified command and the nature of cooperation among different Black Eagles groups across the country; activities in 2015; relationship to th...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
10 May 2016
Accessed Date:
20 April 2017
Title:
Colombia Corruption Report
Source:
GAN Business Anti-Corruption Portal
Date of Document:
August 2018
Accessed Date:
23 April 2019
Title:
Colombia. 2019 Crime and Safety Report: Cartagena.
Source:
United States. Overseas Security Advisory Council.
Date of Document:
9 April 2019
Accessed Date:
22 May 2020
Title:
Organized Crime and Illegally Mined Gold in Latin America
Source:
The Global Initiative against Transnational Organized Crime
Date of Document:
April 2016
Page Numbers:
10-12, 19-20, 31-35
Accessed Date:
13 April 2017
Title:
The Urabeños (also known as Clan Úsuga or Autodefensas Gaitanistas de Colombia), including areas of operation, especially in Buenaventura, criminal activities, and state response; whether the Urabeños seek out individuals, particularl...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
6 March 2015
Accessed Date:
28 April 2015
Title:
Colombia. 2020 Crime and Safety Report.
Source:
United States. Overseas Security Advisory Council.
Date of Document:
13 March 2020
Accessed Date:
22 May 2020
Title:
Colombia. Country Reports on Terrorism 2018.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
October 2019
Accessed Date:
22 May 2020
Title:
Colombia's Armed Groups Battle for the Spoils of Peace. Latin America Report N°63.
Source:
International Crisis Group
Date of Document:
19 October 2017
Accessed Date:
19 April 2018
Title:
Colombia: Armed Groups Oppress Riverside Communities
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
7 June 2017
Accessed Date:
19 April 2018
Title:
Colombia Elites and Organized Crime
Source:
InSight Crime; International Development Research Centre
Date of Document:
9 August 2016
Accessed Date:
13 April 2017
Title:
What it means to be a 'military objective' (objetivo militar), including who executes these threats and methods of issuing them; whether there is an internal flight alternative for someone who has been issued a threat; state response
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
15 April 2015
Accessed Date:
28 April 2015
Title:
The Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia, FARC), including demobilization of former combatants; information on dissident groups, including number of combatants, areas of operation, activities...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
18 April 2018
Accessed Date:
27 April 2018
Title:
The National Liberation Army (Ejército de Liberación Nacional - ELN), including number of combatants and areas of operation; activities, including ability to track victims; state response and protection available to victims (2016-April 2018)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
23 April 2018
Accessed Date:
27 April 2018
Title:
The presence and activities of Los Rastrojos, including in Buenaventura; information on their relationship with the Gaitanist Self-Defense Forces of Colombia (Autodefensas Gaitanistas de Colombia, AGC) [also known as Gulf Clan (Clan del Golfo)...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
17 April 2018
Accessed Date:
27 April 2018
Title:
The War in Catatumbo: Abuses by Armed Groups Against Civilians Including Venezuelan Exiles in Northeastern Colombia
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
8 August 2019
Accessed Date:
22 May 2020
Title:
Uncertainty in Reintegration Camps, Another Challenge for Peace in Colombia
Date of Document:
1 November 2019
Author:
María Fernanda Ramírez
Accessed Date:
22 May 2020
Title:
Peace with Justice: The Colombian Experience with Transitional Justice
Source:
The Brookings Institution
Date of Document:
July 2019
Accessed Date:
22 May 2020
Title:
Gulf Clan (Clan del Golfo) [Autodefensas Gaitanistas de Colombia (AGC), Los Urabeños, Clan Úsuga], including its leaders, structure, areas of operation, activities and the profile of its targets; ability to track its targets; state response ...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
21 May 2020
Accessed Date:
9 June 2020
Title:
Military service, including recruitment age, length of service, reasons for exemption and the possibility of performing a replacement service (2006-July 2012)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
2 August 2013
Accessed Date:
28 April 2014
Title:
The military service card, including whether it indicates where the person was stationed and the unit in which they served; the significance of the reserve classes; whether the military service card differs depending on soldier rank (2006-2013)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
2 August 2013
Accessed Date:
28 April 2014
9.
Judiciary, Legal and Penal Systems
Title:
The meaning of the word “inactivo,” which appears in the “case status” (Estado caso) field of a complaint filed through the Oral Accusatory Criminal Justice System (Sistema Penal Oral Acusatorio) of the Office of the Attorney General ...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
4 January 2018
Accessed Date:
19 April 2018
Title:
Update to COL106087 of 1 May 2018 on the investigation of criminal complaints, including time limits, expiry of criminal proceedings, and setting aside of complaints; the Office of the Attorney General's database used to consult the status of ...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
25 July 2019
Accessed Date:
25 May 2020
Title:
Twenty-Fourth Report of the Secretary General to the Permanent Council on the Organization of American States Mission to Support the Peace Process in Colombia (MAPP/OAS)
Source:
Organization of American States. Permanent Council.
Date of Document:
1 August 2018
Accessed Date:
24 April 2019
Title:
Colombia: Seeking justice, building peace, and the post-conflict illusion. Report of the Sixth International Caravana of Jurists 2018.
Source:
Colombian Caravana UK Lawyers Group
Date of Document:
March 2019
Accessed Date:
24 April 2019
Title:
Requirements and procedures to submit a complaint to the police, the Fiscalía General de la Nación, and the Defensoría del Pueblo, including types of complaints; standardization and appearance of documents; requirements and procedures ...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
3 May 2017
Accessed Date:
26 May 2017
10.
Police and Security Forces
Title:
Colombia: Don't Promote Officers Linked to Killings
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
14 November 2017
Accessed Date:
19 April 2018
Title:
State of Privacy: Colombia
Source:
Privacy International
Date of Document:
January 2019
Accessed Date:
24 April 2019
Title:
“The Guerrillas Are the Police”: Social Control and Abuses by Armed Groups in Colombia's Arauca Province and Venezuela's Apure State
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
22 January 2020
Accessed Date:
22 May 2020
Title:
ESMAD: Is Colombia's loathed anti-riot police unit on the way out?
Date of Document:
24 November 2019
Accessed Date:
22 May 2020
Title:
Colombia. Defending Journalism: How national mechanisms can protect journalists and address the issue of impunity.
Source:
International Media Support
Date of Document:
30 October 2017
Accessed Date:
19 April 2018
Title:
Colombia. Annual Report of the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights 2019. Volume II. Annual Report of the Special Rapporteur for Freedom of Expression.
Code:
OEA/Ser.L/V/II. Doc.30/19 v.2
Source:
Organization of American States. Inter-American Commission on Human Rights.
Date of Document:
24 February 2020
Accessed Date:
22 May 2020
Title:
Colombia. Freedom on the Net 2019.
Author:
Pedro Vaca Villarreal
Editor:
Tyler Roylance et al.
Accessed Date:
22 May 2020
Title:
Colombia. International Religious Freedom Report for 2019.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
10 June 2019
Accessed Date:
11 June 2020
13.
Nationality, Ethnicity and Race
Title:
Situation of Afro-Colombians, including treatment by society and authorities; state protection and support services available (2017–May 2020)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
6 May 2020
Accessed Date:
29 May 2020
Title:
Concluding observations on the combined fifteenth and sixteenth periodic reports of Colombia. Addendum: Information received from Colombia on follow-up to the concluding observations.
Code:
CERD/C/COL/CO/15-16/Add.1
Date of Document:
31 October 2016
Accessed Date:
13 April 2017
Title:
Colombia. The Indigenous World 2019.
Source:
International Work Group for Indigenous Affairs;
Organizacion Nacional Indigena de Colombia
Date of Document:
April 2019
Editor:
David Nathaniel Berger; Alejandro Parellada
Accessed Date:
22 May 2020
Title:
The Brink of Extinction in Colombia
Source:
North American Congress on Latin America
Date of Document:
20 September 2019
Author:
Evan King; Samantha Wherry
Accessed Date:
22 May 2020
Title:
Colombia and Venezuela: Treatment by authorities and society of Venezuelans and Colombians with Venezuelan citizenship in Colombia, and of Colombians and Venezuelans with Colombian citizenship in Venezuela (2015-October 2018)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
15 November 2018
Accessed Date:
26 April 2019
14.
Exit/Entry and Freedom of Movement
Title:
“Stuck in the middle”: Seeking durable solutions in post-peace agreement Colombia
Source:
Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre
Date of Document:
March 2019
Accessed Date:
24 April 2019
Title:
Land restitution in Colombia: why so few applications? Forced Migration Review.
Source:
Refugee Studies Centre. University of Oxford.
Date of Document:
October 2017
Accessed Date:
19 April 2018
Title:
Whether Colombian citizens are required to have their passports stamped upon exit from and entry into Colombia; if so, whether this procedure is applied uniformly at all immigration posts
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
29 February 2012
Accessed Date:
14 November 2012
15.
Labour, Employment and Unions
Title:
Review of Public Communication CAN 2016-1. Report issued pursuant to the Canada‑Colombia Agreement on Labour Cooperation.
Source:
Employment and Social Development Canada
Accessed Date:
19 April 2018
Title:
United States-Colombia Trade Promotion Agreement. Public Report of Review of U.S. Submission 2016-02 (Colombia).
Source:
United States. Department of Labor.
Date of Document:
11 January 2017
Accessed Date:
13 April 2017
Title:
The socio-economic situation, including demographics, employment rates, and economic sectors, particularly in Barranquilla, Bucaramanga and Ibagué (2017-May 2020)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
13 May 2020
Accessed Date:
9 June 2020
16.
Other - (No items in this section)
The following changes have been made to the previous package dated 31 March 2020:
Title:
Illegal armed groups' territories
Date of Document:
15 March 2019
URL:
http://colombiareports.com/mapping-colombias-illegal-armed-groups/
Accessed Date:
25 April 2019
Title:
Colombia. The World Factbook.
Source:
United States. Central Intelligence Agency.
Date of Document:
22 April 2019
URL:
https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/co.html
Accessed Date:
25 April 2019
Title:
Colombia 2018 Humanitarian Needs Overview
Source:
United Nations. Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs.
Date of Document:
November 2017
URL:
https://www.humanitarianresponse.info/sites/www.humanitarianresponse.info/files/documents/files/hno_2018_en_0.pdf
Accessed Date:
13 April 2018
Title:
Political and Economic Situation. Colombia: Background and U.S. Relations.
Source:
United States. Congressional Research Service.
Date of Document:
8 February 2019
URL:
https://fas.org/sgp/crs/row/R43813.pdf
Accessed Date:
24 April 2019
Title:
Colombia. World Report 2019: Events of 2018.
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
January 2019
URL:
https://www.hrw.org/world-report/2019/country-chapters/colombia
Accessed Date:
15 April 2019
Title:
Report of the Secretary-General on the United Nations Verification Mission in Colombia
Source:
United Nations. Security Council.
Date of Document:
26 March 2019
URL:
https://undocs.org/en/S/2019/265
Accessed Date:
15 April 2019
Title:
Report of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights on the situation of human rights in Colombia
Source:
United Nations. Human Rights Council.
Date of Document:
4 February 2019
URL:
https://undocs.org/en/A/HRC/40/3/Add.3
Accessed Date:
23 April 2019
Title:
Colombia. Freedom in the World 2019.
URL:
https://freedomhouse.org/report/freedom-world/2019/colombia
Accessed Date:
23 April 2019
Title:
Columbia. Chapter V - Follow-Up to Recommendations made by the IACHR in its Country or Thematic Reports. Annual Report of the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights 2018.
Source:
Organization of American States. Inter-American Commission on Human Rights.
Date of Document:
21 March 2019
URL:
http://www.oas.org/en/iachr/docs/annual/2018/docs/IA2018cap.5CO-en.pdf
Accessed Date:
23 April 2019
Title:
Colombia. U.S. Visa: Reciprocity and Civil Documents by Country.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
URL:
https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/us-visas/Visa-Reciprocity-and-Civil-Documents-by-Country/Colombia.html
Accessed Date:
25 April 2019
Title:
Concluding observations on the ninth periodic report of Colombia
Source:
United Nations. Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women.
Date of Document:
8 March 2019
URL:
https://tbinternet.ohchr.org/_layouts/treatybodyexternal/Download.aspx?symbolno=CEDAW/C/COL/CO/9&Lang=En
Accessed Date:
23 April 2019
Title:
Colombia. International Narcotics Control Strategy Report 2019, Volume I: Drug and Chemical Control.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
March 2019
URL:
https://www.state.gov/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/INCSR-Vol-INCSR-Vol.-I-1.pdf
Accessed Date:
23 April 2019
Title:
Colombia. International Narcotics Control Strategy Report 2018, Volume II: Money Laundering.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
March 2018
URL:
https://www.state.gov/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/2018-INCSR-Vol.-II.pdf
Accessed Date:
19 April 2018
Title:
Colombia: Tier 1. Trafficking in Persons Report 2018.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
June 2018
URL:
https://www.state.gov/reports/2018-trafficking-in-persons-report/colombia/
Accessed Date:
23 April 2019
Title:
Drug trafficking in Colombia
Date of Document:
31 March 2019
URL:
https://colombiareports.com/drug-trafficking-in-colombia/
Accessed Date:
24 April 2019
Title:
Colombia. 2018 Crime and Safety Report: Cartagena.
Source:
United States. Overseas Security Advisory Council.
Date of Document:
30 March 2018
URL:
https://www.osac.gov/Content/Report/59228e74-4820-4e49-bfe9-15f4ae5d167c
Accessed Date:
23 April 2019
Title:
Colombia. 2019 Crime and Safety Report.
Source:
United States. Overseas Security Advisory Council.
Date of Document:
18 March 2019
URL:
https://www.osac.gov/Content/Report/385f28fd-f20d-4904-9412-15f4aeb6f0e3
Accessed Date:
23 April 2019
Title:
Colombia. Country Reports on Terrorism 2017.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
July 2018
URL:
https://www.state.gov/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/crt_2017.pdf p. 202-205
Accessed Date:
23 April 2019
Title:
Colombia. Annual Report of the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights 2018. Volume II. Annual Report of the Special Rapporteur for Freedom of Expression.
Code:
OEA/Ser.L/V/II. Doc. 30
Source:
Organization of American States. Inter-American Commission on Human Rights.
Date of Document:
17 March 2019
URL:
http://www.oas.org/en/iachr/docs/annual/2018/docs/IA2018RELE-en.pdf
Accessed Date:
24 April 2019
Title:
Colombia. Freedom on the Net 2018.
URL:
https://freedomhouse.org/report/freedom-net/2018/colombia
Accessed Date:
24 April 2019
Title:
Colombia. International Religious Freedom Report for 2017.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
29 May 2018
URL:
https://www.state.gov/reports/2017-report-on-international-religious-freedom/colombia/
Accessed Date:
24 April 2019
Title:
Colombia. International Religious Freedom Report for 2018.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
21 June 2019
URL:
https://www.state.gov/reports/2018-report-on-international-religious-freedom/colombia/
Accessed Date:
22 May 2020
Title:
Colombia. The Indigenous World 2018.
Source:
International Work Group for Indigenous Affairs
Author:
Karen Rosemary Paz Ahumada
URL:
https://www.iwgia.org/images/documents/indigenous-world/indigenous-world-2018.pdf
Accessed Date:
24 April 2019
Title:
Colombia: Humanitarian Situation Infogram, II Semester of 2017.
Source:
United Nations. Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs.
Date of Document:
14 September 2017
URL:
https://reliefweb.int/report/colombia/colombia-humanitarian-situation-infogram-ii-semester-2017
Accessed Date:
13 April 2018
Title:
Colombia. Amnesty International Report 2017/2018: The State of the World's Human Rights.
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
22 February 2018
URL:
https://www.amnesty.org/en/countries/americas/colombia/report-colombia/
Accessed Date:
13 April 2018
Title:
One year Since the Start of the Implementation of the Peace Agreement in Colombia: Report of the Taula Catalana per la Pau I els Drets Humans a Colòmbia and the International Office on Human Rights – Action Colombia
Source:
Taula Catalana per la Pau i el Drets Humans a Colòmbia; International Office on Human Rights – Action Colombia (OIDHACO)
Date of Document:
October 2017
URL:
https://reliefweb.int/report/colombia/one-year-start-implementation-peace-agreement-colombia-report-taula-catalana-la-pau
Accessed Date:
13 April 2018
Title:
Self-protection Mechanisms: Colombian Rural Defenders and Communities
Date of Document:
31 August 2016
URL:
https://www.abcolombia.org.uk/publications/reports/self-protection-mechanisms/
Accessed Date:
13 April 2018
Title:
The Years of Solitude Continue. Colombia: The Peace Agreement and Guarantees of Non-Repetition in Chocó.
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
22 November 2017
URL:
https://www.amnesty.org/en/documents/amr23/7425/2017/en/
Accessed Date:
13 April 2018
Title:
Colombia ‘exhausted protection measures' for former FARC guerrillas: interior minister
Date of Document:
24 January 2018
URL:
https://colombiareports.com/colombia-exhausted-protection-measures-former-farc-guerrillas-interior-minister/
Accessed Date:
13 April 2018
Title:
Is the FARC Political Experiment Dead in the Water?
Date of Document:
4 September 2018
URL:
https://www.insightcrime.org/news/analysis/farc-political-experiment-dead/
Accessed Date:
23 April 2019
Date of Document:
16 October 2018
URL:
http://www.insightcrime.org/colombia-organized-crime-news/eln-profile
Accessed Date:
23 April 2019
Date of Document:
3 March 2017
URL:
http://www.insightcrime.org/colombia-organized-crime-news/farc-profile
Accessed Date:
13 April 2017
Title:
GameChangers 2017: Is Colombia's FARC Really Gone?
Date of Document:
16 January 2018
URL:
https://www.insightcrime.org/news/analysis/gamechangers-2017-is-colombia-farc-really-gone/
Accessed Date:
19 April 2018
Title:
I. Political Transformation. Transformation Index 2018 Country Report: Colombia.
Source:
Bertelsmann Stiftung
URL:
http://www.bti-project.org/fileadmin/files/BTI/Downloads/Reports/2018/pdf/BTI_2018_Colombia.pdf
Accessed Date:
19 April 2018
Title:
Key Changes to the New Peace Accord
Source:
Washington Office on Latin America
Date of Document:
15 November 2016
URL:
http://colombiapeace.org/2016/11/15/key-changes-to-the-new-peace-accord/
Accessed Date:
13 April 2017
Title:
Civic Freedom Monitor: Colombia
Source:
The International Center for Not-for-Profit Law
Date of Document:
22 February 2019
URL:
http://www.icnl.org/research/monitor/colombia.html
Accessed Date:
23 April 2019
Title:
Children and armed conflict
Code:
A/72/865–S/2018/465
Source:
United Nations. General Assembly; Security Council.
Date of Document:
16 May 2018
URL:
http://undocs.org/en/S/2018/465
Accessed Date:
23 April 2019
Title:
Survey on the Prevalence of Sexual Violence Against Women in the Context of the Colombian Armed Conflict (2010-2015)
Date of Document:
August 2017
URL:
https://www.abcolombia.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/ENCUESTA_INGLES_completo.pdf
Accessed Date:
13 April 2018
Title:
Colombia: Treatment of sexual minorities; availability of state protection and support services (2012-June 2015)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
24 June 2015
URL:
http://irb-cisr.gc.ca/Eng/ResRec/RirRdi/Pages/index.aspx?doc=455969&pls=1
Accessed Date:
20 July 2015
Keywords:
arbitrary arrest and detention; armed groups; children; corruption; country overview; crime; drug trafficking; ethnic and national groups; extralegal executions/killings; family law; gender equality; gender-based violence; government corruption; human rights activists; institutional efficacy; internal displacement; judicial efficacy; labour; legal system; legislation; marriage; minorities; nationality; organized crime; penal system; police corruption; police efficacy; police report; police/security forces; police/security forces complaints; political activities; race; sexual minorities; sexual violence; social services; statistics; torture
Title:
Colombia LGBTI: Landscape Analysis of Political, Economic & Social Conditions
Source:
Astraea Lesbian Foundation for Justice
Author:
Cindy Bello et al.
URL:
http://www.astraeafoundation.org/uploads/files/Reports/Astraea%20Colombia%20Landscape%202015.pdf
Accessed Date:
26 October 2015
Title:
The Colombian Peace Negotiations. Observations on the Preliminary Agreement on Victims.
Source:
Lawyers Without Borders Canada
URL:
http://www.asfcanada.ca/uploads/publications/uploaded_negociaciones-de-paz-ingles-digital-1-pdf-118.pdf
Accessed Date:
13 April 2017
Title:
Investigation of criminal complaints, including time limits, expiry of criminal proceedings, and archival of complaints; information on the Office of the Attorney General's database used to consult the status of a criminal complaint, including ...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
1 May 2018
URL:
https://irb-cisr.gc.ca/en/country-information/rir/Pages/index.aspx?doc=457465
Accessed Date:
26 April 2019
Title:
Colombia. Freedom of the Press 2016.
URL:
https://freedomhouse.org/report/freedom-press/2016/colombia
Accessed Date:
13 April 2017
Title:
Situation and treatment of Afro-Colombians in Medellín, Bogotá, and Cali; legal recourse and support services (2012-March 2015)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
20 April 2015
URL:
http://www.irb-cisr.gc.ca/Eng/ResRec/RirRdi/Pages/index.aspx?doc=455844&pls=1
Accessed Date:
28 April 2015
Keywords:
ethnic and national groups; minorities; race
Title:
Mining and Indigenous Peoples in Colombia
Source:
International Work Group for Indigenous Affairs
Date of Document:
February 2016
Author:
Ana Cecilia Betancur; William Villa
URL:
http://www.iwgia.org/iwgia_files_publications_files/0739_Mining_and_indigenous_peoples_in_Colombia.pdf
Accessed Date:
13 April 2017
Title:
Displacement Rising as Colombia's Conflict Moves into New Phase
Date of Document:
13 June 2016
URL:
http://www.insightcrime.org/news-analysis/displacement-conflict-continue-in-colombia-despite-peace-plans
Accessed Date:
13 April 2017
Title:
Colombia: Fact-Finding Mission Report: Conflict Dynamics in the Post-FARC-EP Period and State Protection
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
March 2020
URL:
https://irb-cisr.gc.ca/en/country-information/research/Pages/colombia-2020.aspx
Accessed Date:
25 May 2020
Title:
BTI 2020 Country Report — Colombia
Source:
Bertelsmann Stiftung
URL:
https://www.bti-project.org/en/reports/country-report-COL.html
Accessed Date:
25 May 2020
Title:
Colombia. Human Rights in the Americas: Review of 2019.
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
27 February 2020
URL:
https://www.amnesty.org/download/Documents/AMR0113532020ENGLISH.PDF
Accessed Date:
11 June 2020
Title:
Women defenders of agricultural, territorial, and environmental rights in Colombia: Risking their lives for peace
Source:
OXFAM International
Date of Document:
2 October 2019
URL:
https://oxfamilibrary.openrepository.com/bitstream/handle/10546/620872/bp-colombia-women-environmental-defenders-021019-en.pdf
Accessed Date:
13 May 2020
Title:
Violations of Afro-Colombian women's human rights: A report for the United Nations Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination
Source:
Proceso de Comunidades Negras (PCN) et al.
Date of Document:
23 September 2019
URL:
https://www.madre.org/sites/default/files/PDFs/CERD%20LOT%20FinalEnglish9.6.19.pdf
Accessed Date:
13 May 2020
Title:
Visit to Colombia: Report of the Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights defenders
Source:
United Nations. Human Rights Council.
Date of Document:
26 December 2019
URL:
https://undocs.org/en/A/HRC/43/51/Add.1
Accessed Date:
13 May 2020
Title:
Report on the Situation of Human Rights Defenders and Social Leaders in Colombia
Code:
OEA/Ser.L/V/II. Doc.262/19
Source:
Organization of American States. Inter-American Commission on Human Rights.
Date of Document:
6 December 2019
URL:
http://www.oas.org/en/iachr/reports/pdfs/ColombiaDefenders.pdf
Accessed Date:
22 May 2020
Title:
Colombia and Venezuela: Whether Colombian citizenship is transmitted through both parents and whether both parents are required to provide identification documents; alternative application procedures when one parent is estranged from the child...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
1 May 2020
URL:
https://irb-cisr.gc.ca/en/country-information/rir/Pages/index.aspx?doc=458099
Accessed Date:
29 May 2020
Title:
Prevalence of fraudulent documents, including whether genuine documents can be obtained using false information; reports of fraudulent documents such as letters of employment, letters about community activism or involvement in a teacher's ...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
19 November 2019
URL:
https://irb-cisr.gc.ca/en/country-information/rir/Pages/index.aspx?doc=457960
Accessed Date:
25 May 2020
Title:
Colombia and Venezuela: Whether a Venezuelan national who was born to a Colombian parent has the right to Colombian nationality; requirements and procedures for a Venezuelan national to access Colombian nationality (2016-May 2018)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
23 May 2018
URL:
http://irb-cisr.gc.ca/Eng/ResRec/RirRdi/Pages/index.aspx?doc=457483
Accessed Date:
29 May 2018
Title:
Citing extermination plan, FARC members and families abandon reintegration site
Date of Document:
31 January 2020
URL:
https://colombiareports.com/citing-extermination-plan-farc-members-and-families-abandon-reintegration-site/
Accessed Date:
13 May 2020
Title:
Chronicle of a Threat Foretold: the ex-FARC Mafia
Date of Document:
11 November 2019
URL:
https://www.insightcrime.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/Chronicle-of-a-Threat-Foretold-the-ex-FARC-Mafia-2019-pdf-full-report.pdf
Accessed Date:
13 May 2020
Title:
National Liberation Army
Source:
Stanford University. Mapping Militant Organizations.
Date of Document:
July 2019
URL:
https://stanford.app.box.com/s/myjux29ghpv7573588847drez27j17l0
Accessed Date:
13 May 2020
Title:
Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia
Source:
Stanford University. Mapping Militant Organizations.
Date of Document:
July 2019
URL:
https://stanford.app.box.com/s/mnkv9b36d5z5qrhdv53wznskqr3crbfa
Accessed Date:
19 May 2020
Title:
Major Implications of Former FARC Leadership Returning to War
Date of Document:
29 August 2019
Author:
Juan Diego Posada
URL:
https://www.insightcrime.org/news/analysis/major-implications-of-farc-leadership-returning-to-war/
Accessed Date:
19 May 2020
Title:
Calming the Restless Pacific: Violence and Crime on Colombia's Coast
Source:
International Crisis Group
Date of Document:
8 August 2019
URL:
https://www.crisisgroup.org/latin-america-caribbean/andes/colombia/076-calming-restless-pacific-violence-and-crime-colombias-coast
Accessed Date:
19 May 2020
Title:
Children and armed conflict in Colombia
Source:
United Nations. Security Council.
Date of Document:
31 December 2019
URL:
https://undocs.org/S/2019/1017
Accessed Date:
19 May 2020
Title:
Colombian court recognises victims of sexual violence within ranks of the FARC
Date of Document:
10 January 2020
Author:
Julia Zulver; Sanne Weber
URL:
https://www.opendemocracy.net/en/democraciaabierta/corte-colombiana-reconoce-a-v%C3%ADctimas-de-violencia-sexual-dentro-de-las-filas-de-las-farc-en/
Accessed Date:
19 May 2020
Title:
Situation and treatment of sexual and gender minorities, including treatment by authorities and society; state protection and support services available (2017-May 2020)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
26 May 2020
URL:
https://irb-cisr.gc.ca/en/country-information/rir/Pages/index.aspx?doc=458111
Accessed Date:
9 June 2020
Title:
Stress, Health, and Well-being of LGBT People in Colombia: Results from a National Survey
Source:
UCLA School of Law. Williams Institute.
Date of Document:
April 2020
Author:
Soon Kyu Choi et al.
URL:
https://williamsinstitute.law.ucla.edu/wp-content/uploads/LGBT-Colombia-English-May-2020.pdf
Accessed Date:
10 June 2020
Title:
The Struggle for Gendered Peace and LGBT Rights in Colombia
Source:
Latin America and Caribbean Centre
Date of Document:
July 2019
URL:
http://www.lse.ac.uk/lacc/publications/PDFs/VSP2-Oettler-Gendered-Peace-LGBT-Rights-Colombia-web.pdf
Accessed Date:
19 May 2020
Title:
The War in Catatumbo: Abuses by Armed Groups Against Civilians Including Venezuelan Exiles in Northeastern Colombia
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
8 August 2019
URL:
https://www.hrw.org/report/2019/08/08/war-catatumbo/abuses-armed-groups-against-civilians-including-venezuelan-exiles
Accessed Date:
22 May 2020
Title:
Uncertainty in Reintegration Camps, Another Challenge for Peace in Colombia
Date of Document:
1 November 2019
Author:
María Fernanda Ramírez
URL:
https://www.insightcrime.org/news/analysis/etcr-uncertainty-another-challenge-peace-colombia/
Accessed Date:
22 May 2020
Title:
Peace with Justice: The Colombian Experience with Transitional Justice
Source:
The Brookings Institution
Date of Document:
July 2019
URL:
https://www.brookings.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/FP_20190708_colombia.pdf
Accessed Date:
22 May 2020
Title:
Gulf Clan (Clan del Golfo) [Autodefensas Gaitanistas de Colombia (AGC), Los Urabeños, Clan Úsuga], including its leaders, structure, areas of operation, activities and the profile of its targets; ability to track its targets; state response ...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
21 May 2020
URL:
https://irb-cisr.gc.ca/en/country-information/rir/Pages/index.aspx?doc=458108
Accessed Date:
9 June 2020
Title:
Update to COL106087 of 1 May 2018 on the investigation of criminal complaints, including time limits, expiry of criminal proceedings, and setting aside of complaints; the Office of the Attorney General's database used to consult the status of ...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
25 July 2019
URL:
https://irb-cisr.gc.ca/en/country-information/rir/Pages/index.aspx?doc=457863
Accessed Date:
25 May 2020
Title:
“The Guerrillas Are the Police”: Social Control and Abuses by Armed Groups in Colombia's Arauca Province and Venezuela's Apure State
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
22 January 2020
URL:
https://www.hrw.org/report/2020/01/22/guerrillas-are-police/social-control-and-abuses-armed-groups-colombias-arauca
Accessed Date:
22 May 2020
Title:
ESMAD: Is Colombia's loathed anti-riot police unit on the way out?
Date of Document:
24 November 2019
URL:
https://colombiareports.com/esmad-is-colombias-loathed-anti-riot-police-unit-on-the-way-out/
Accessed Date:
22 May 2020
Title:
Situation of Afro-Colombians, including treatment by society and authorities; state protection and support services available (2017–May 2020)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
6 May 2020
URL:
https://irb-cisr.gc.ca/en/country-information/rir/Pages/index.aspx?doc=458098
Accessed Date:
29 May 2020
Title:
The Brink of Extinction in Colombia
Source:
North American Congress on Latin America
Date of Document:
20 September 2019
Author:
Evan King; Samantha Wherry
URL:
https://nacla.org/news/2019/09/22/brink-extinction-colombia
Accessed Date:
22 May 2020
Title:
The socio-economic situation, including demographics, employment rates, and economic sectors, particularly in Barranquilla, Bucaramanga and Ibagué (2017-May 2020)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
13 May 2020
URL:
https://irb-cisr.gc.ca/en/country-information/rir/Pages/index.aspx?doc=458103
Accessed Date:
9 June 2020
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