National Documentation Packages (NDPs) are lists of public documents that provide information about conditions in specific countries. Updates occur periodically based on publicly available information. Countries with high volumes of claims may be updated more frequently. In periods of rapid change and/or uncertainty, updates may be delayed to build a body of relevant information.
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Jurisprudential Guides Notes
Jurisprudential Guides Notes
On
July 28, 2022, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being a
Jurisprudential Guide:
-
Decision TC1 05038 – The proper interpretation of the ‘generalized risk’ exception to protection found at subparagraph 97(1)(b)(ii) of the Act, in claims for protection involving allegations of gang-targeting or other acts of criminality.
On
December 22, 2020, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being a
Jurisprudential Guide.
-
Decision MB8-00025 – This Jurisprudential Guide addresses, in applying Article 1E of the Refugee Convention, whether members should consider allegations of risk in a country of residence if they conclude that a refugee claimant has the rights and obligations which are attached to the possession of nationality in that country.
On
July 6, 2018, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being a
Jurisprudential Guide.
-
Decision TB7-19851 – Nigeria – This Jurisprudential Guide addresses internal flight alternatives in major cities in south and central Nigeria for claimants fleeing non-state actors.
Revoked
The country documentation referenced in each of these decisions has been included in s.16 of the updated National Documentation Packages published on July 10, 2018.
On
July 20, 2017, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being
Jurisprudential Guides.
-
Decision TB7-01837 – Pakistan – Whether the treatment experienced by Ahmadis in Pakistan amounts to persecution, whether state protection is available and whether there is a viable internal flight alternative.
-
Decision MB6-01059/60 – India – Availability of an internal flight alternative in India for claimants from Punjab.
Revoked
-
Decision TB6-11632 – China – Analysis of the efficacy of the Chinese national computer network known as the Golden Shield Project and its impact on whether a person wanted by the authorities can exit China via an airport using a genuine passport.
Revoked
The country documentation referenced in each of these decisions has been included in s.16 of the updated National Documentation Packages published on July 20, 2017.
Back
31 March 2020
CAMEROON
List of Documents
1.
General Information and Maps
Source:
United Nations. Geospatial Information Section.
Date of Document:
November 2017
Accessed Date:
11 April 2018
Title:
Cameroun. L'Encyclopédie en ligne.
Accessed Date:
15 November 2012
Title:
Cameroon. The World Factbook.
Source:
United States. Central Intelligence Agency.
Date of Document:
10 April 2019
Accessed Date:
23 April 2019
Title:
Cameroun. Aperçu des besoins humanitaires 2019.
Source:
United Nations. Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs.
Date of Document:
January 2019
Accessed Date:
23 April 2019
Title:
Annuaire statistique du Cameroun 2017
Volume:
Chapters 1; 2; 3; 8; 9; 12
Source:
Cameroon. National Institute of Statistics.
Accessed Date:
23 April 2019
Title:
Cameroun. L'aménagement linguistique dans le monde.
Source:
L'aménagement linguistique dans le monde
Date of Document:
23 October 2018
Accessed Date:
23 April 2019
Title:
Country Policy and Information Note. Cameroon: Female Genital Mutilation (FGM). Version 1.0.
Source:
United Kingdom. Home Office.
Date of Document:
March 2017
Accessed Date:
11 April 2018
Title:
Cameroon. Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2019.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
11 March 2020
Accessed Date:
20 March 2020
Title:
Cameroon. Amnesty International Report 2017/2018: The State of the World's Human Rights.
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
22 February 2018
Accessed Date:
11 April 2018
Title:
Cameroon. Freedom in the World 2019.
Accessed Date:
23 April 2019
Title:
Concluding observations on the fifth periodic report of Cameroon
Source:
United Nations. Human Rights Committee.
Date of Document:
30 November 2017
Accessed Date:
11 April 2018
Title:
Cameroon. World Report 2019: Events of 2018.
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
January 2019
Accessed Date:
23 April 2019
Title:
Report of the Secretary-General on the situation in the Lake Chad Basin region
Source:
United Nations. Security Council.
Date of Document:
7 September 2017
Accessed Date:
11 April 2018
Title:
“These Killings Can Be Stopped”: Abuses by Government and Separatist Groups in Cameroon's Anglophone Regions
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
19 July 2018
Accessed Date:
23 April 2019
Title:
A turn for the worse: Violence and human rights violations in Anglophone Cameroon
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
12 June 2018
Accessed Date:
23 April 2019
Title:
Compilation on Cameroon
Code:
A/HRC/WG.6/30/CMR/2
Source:
United Nations. Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights
Date of Document:
12 March 2018
Accessed Date:
23 April 2019
Title:
Summary of Stakeholders' submissions on Cameroon
Code:
A/HRC/WG.6/30/CMR/3
Source:
United Nations. Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights
Date of Document:
28 February 2018
Accessed Date:
23 April 2019
Title:
National report submitted in accordance with paragraph 5 of the annex to resolution 16/21 of the Human Rights Council: Cameroon
Code:
A/HRC/WG.6/30/CMR/1
Date of Document:
5 March 2018
Accessed Date:
23 April 2019
3.
Identification Documents and Citizenship
Title:
Information on fraudulent identity documents, including national identity cards (2007-March 2014)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
11 April 2014
Accessed Date:
28 April 2014
Keywords:
crime; document fraud; extremist/terrorist organizations; identity documents; Internet; police corruption
Title:
Law No. 1968-LF-3 of the 11th June 1968 to set up the Cameroon Nationality Code
Accessed Date:
15 November 2012
Keywords:
citizenship; legislation
Title:
Cameroon. U.S. Visa: Reciprocity and Civil Documents by Country.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Accessed Date:
23 April 2019
Title:
Requirements and procedures for obtaining passports in Cameroon and abroad (2013-March 2014)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
25 March 2014
Accessed Date:
28 April 2014
Keywords:
identity documents
Title:
The national identity card, including the agency that issues this card, the conditions and documents required to obtain the card, and a detailed description of the card and its use; whether a Cameroonian citizen living abroad can obtain a national...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
9 April 2014
Accessed Date:
28 April 2014
Keywords:
citizenship; corruption; government corruption; identity documents; institutional efficacy; legislation; police corruption; police efficacy; police report; police/security forces
Title:
Cameroun: Ordonnance n° 81/02 du 1981 portant organisation de l'état civil et diverses dispositions relatives à l'état des personnes physiques
Accessed Date:
11 April 2018
Title:
Cameroun: Loi n° 2011/011 du 2011 modifiant et complétant certaines dispositions de l'ordonnance n° 81/02 du 29 juin 1981
Accessed Date:
11 April 2018
Title:
The new national identity card, including the authority that issues the card, the conditions and documents required to obtain the card, and a detailed description of the card and its use; whether it may be applied for from abroad; whether the forme...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
16 November 2016
Accessed Date:
13 April 2017
4.
Political Activities and Organizations
Title:
Republic of Cameroon. Election for President of 7 October 2018.
Source:
International Foundation of Electoral Systems. Election Guide.
Accessed Date:
23 April 2019
Title:
The Social Democratic Front (Front social démocrate, SDF) including its current status, its organization and structure, its membership card and the treatment of its members by the state authorities
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
17 April 2012
Accessed Date:
15 November 2012
Keywords:
corruption; election; freedom of assembly; gender equality; minorities; police/security forces complaints; political opposition; political organizations
Title:
Cameroon. National Assembly.
Source:
Inter-Parliamentary Union. Parline.
Date of Document:
21 June 2018
Accessed Date:
23 April 2019
Title:
Cameroon's Anglophone Crisis at the Crossroads. Africa Report N°250.
Source:
International Crisis Group
Date of Document:
2 August 2017
Accessed Date:
11 April 2018
Title:
Cameroon: A Worsening Anglophone Crisis Calls for Strong Measures. Africa Briefing N°130.
Source:
International Crisis Group
Date of Document:
19 October 2017
Accessed Date:
11 April 2018
Title:
I. Political Transformation. Transformation Index 2018 Country Report: Cameroon.
Source:
Bertelsmann Stiftung
Accessed Date:
11 April 2018
Title:
Whether the Social Democratic Front (SDF) provides letters of attestation to asylum seekers, including who is responsible for their issuance; verification procedures used by the SDF when issuing the letters and authenticating the political party's ...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
4 December 2013
Accessed Date:
28 April 2014
Keywords:
political organizations
Title:
The Union of the Peoples of Cameroon (Union des populations du Cameroun, UPC), including its structure and its importance on the political scene; the treatment of its members by the authorities (2011-August 2013)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
22 August 2013
Accessed Date:
28 April 2014
Keywords:
political activities; political opposition; political organizations
Title:
The Southern Cameroons National Council (SCNC), including leadership, structure, objectives, activities, requirements and procedures to become a member; relations with authorities; location and contact information; documents issued to members...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
22 June 2018
Accessed Date:
15 April 2019
Title:
Cameroon: Divisions Widen Ahead of Presidential Vote
Source:
International Crisis Group
Date of Document:
3 October 2018
Accessed Date:
23 April 2019
Title:
Cameroon's Anglophone Crisis: How the Catholic Church Can Promote Dialogue
Source:
International Crisis Group
Date of Document:
25 April 2018
Accessed Date:
23 April 2019
Title:
Rassemblement démocratique du peuple camerounais (RDPC) : Radioscopie et trajectoire d'un parti présidentiel
Source:
Group for Research and Information on Peace and Security
Date of Document:
21 October 2016
Accessed Date:
5 April 2017
Title:
Liste des partis politiques au Cameroun et leur presence au parlement et au senat
Source:
Cameroon. Chamber of Commerce, Industry, Mines and Crafts.
Date of Document:
September 2017
Accessed Date:
11 April 2018
Title:
Cameroon: Opposition leader and more than a hundred supporters face the death penalty
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
21 February 2019
Accessed Date:
23 April 2019
Title:
Cameroon Cracks Down on Opponents: High Court Refuses to Release Opposition Figures
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
7 March 2019
Accessed Date:
23 April 2019
5.
Gender, Domestic Violence and Children
Title:
Domestic violence, including legislation; protection provided by the state and support services available to victims (2014-2016)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
21 April 2016
Accessed Date:
28 April 2016
Keywords:
domestic violence; gender-based violence; legislation; police/security forces; sexual violence; social services
Title:
Concluding observations on the combined third to fifth periodic reports of Cameroon
Source:
United Nations. Committee on the Rights of the Child.
Date of Document:
6 July 2017
Accessed Date:
11 April 2018
Title:
2015 Statistical Yearbook: Cameroon. Ministry of Women's Empowerment and the Family
Source:
Cameroon. Ministry of Women's Empowerment and the Family.
Accessed Date:
20 April 2017
Title:
Cameroon. Social Institutions and Gender Index 2019.
Source:
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
Accessed Date:
10 January 2019
Title:
Concluding observations on the combined fourth and fifth periodic reports of Cameroon
Source:
United Nations. Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women.
Date of Document:
28 February 2014
Accessed Date:
11 April 2016
Keywords:
abduction; children; domestic violence; family law; female genital mutilation; gender equality; gender-based violence; identity documents; indigenous groups; institutional efficacy; judicial efficacy; labour; legal system; legislation; marriage; minorities; political activities; sexual minorities; social services; trafficking in persons
Title:
Child, Early and Forced Marriage in Cameroon: Research Findings
Source:
University of Maroua. Institut Supérieur du Sahel.; Association de Lutte Contre Les Violences Faites Aux Femmes
Date of Document:
5 November 2015
Accessed Date:
11 April 2016
Keywords:
children; family law; gender equality; judicial corruption; judicial efficacy; legal system; legislation; marriage
Title:
Prevalence of forced marriage of women 18 years of age and older, including in the cities of Douala and Yaoundé; whether the economic situation or the level of education of women has an impact on forced marriages; protection provided to victims of...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
7 May 2013
Accessed Date:
28 April 2014
Keywords:
children; domestic violence; family law; gender equality; gender-based violence; honour crimes; institutional efficacy; marriage; sexual violence; social services
Title:
New Rules to Help End Child Marriage in Cameroon
Source:
United Nations Population Fund
Date of Document:
6 October 2016
Accessed Date:
5 April 2017
Title:
Concluding observations on the combined fourth and fifth periodic reports of Cameroon. Addendum. Information received from Cameroon on follow-up to the concluding observations.
Code:
CEDAW/C/CMR/CO/4-5/Add.1
Date of Document:
3 May 2017
Accessed Date:
11 April 2018
Title:
Legislation governing the estate of a man who dies intestate; who has the authority to settle his estate and how his inheritance is divided among his wives and children; whether circumstances exist in which the division of the estate is determined...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
8 May 2015
Accessed Date:
22 April 2016
Title:
Dowries in forced and arranged marriages, including whether they may be refunded; the role of the state in the payment of dowries, in particular, that of the Ministry of Finance; whether a document exists that takes into account the details of...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
24 November 2014
Accessed Date:
22 April 2015
Keywords:
family law; legislation; marriage
Title:
The practice of levirate marriage, including the regions of Cameroon where this tradition is widespread and the ethnic groups that practice it; the consequences if a widow refuses to take part in this practice, recourse and protection available...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
23 December 2014
Accessed Date:
22 April 2015
Keywords:
family law; gender equality; marriage; police efficacy; social services
Title:
Situation of sexual minorities, including legislation, treatment by authorities and society, state protection and support services (2017-April 2019)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
8 May 2019
Accessed Date:
29 May 2019
Title:
Cameroon. State-Sponsored Homophobia 2019.
Source:
International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Association
Date of Document:
March 2019
Author:
Lucas Ramón Mendos; Joachim Ntetmen
Accessed Date:
23 April 2019
Title:
Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender (LGBT) Individuals in Cameroon
Date of Document:
October 2017
Accessed Date:
11 April 2018
Title:
Cameroon. Status of LGBTI People in Cameroon, Gambia, Ghana and Uganda.
Source:
Finland. Finnish Immigration Service
Date of Document:
3 December 2015
Accessed Date:
11 April 2016
Keywords:
arbitrary arrest and detention; crime; freedom of assembly; freedom of expression; freedom of the press; gender equality; human rights activists; institutional efficacy; judicial efficacy; legal system; legislation; penal system; police corruption; police/security forces; police/security forces complaints; political activities; religion; sexual minorities; sexual violence; statistics; torture
Title:
Whether a Commissioner of Oaths or a notary public would notarize a statement or swear an affidavit regarding an individual's sexual orientation; documentation filed by police upon arrest for same-sex activity (2014-March 2016)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
31 March 2016
Accessed Date:
28 April 2016
Title:
Cameroon: Joint Stakeholder Report for the United Nations Universal Periodic Review
Source:
The Advocates for Human Rights; The National Observatory for the Rights of LGBT Persons and Their Defenders; The Cameroonian Foundation for AIDS
Date of Document:
October 2017
Accessed Date:
23 April 2019
Title:
Rapport national de violation des droits humains: septembre 2016-février 2017
Source:
Observatoire national des droits des personnes LGBTI et leurs défenseurs
Date of Document:
February 2017
Accessed Date:
23 April 2019
Title:
Cameroon's abusive 2017, hopes for 2018
Source:
Erasing 76 Crimes
Date of Document:
5 January 2018
Accessed Date:
11 April 2018
Title:
Cameroon: Homophobia and Violence Against Defenders of the Rights of LGBTI Persons
Source:
The Observatory for the Protection of Human Rights Defenders
Date of Document:
February 2015
Accessed Date:
22 April 2015
Keywords:
abduction; arbitrary arrest and detention; corruption; crime; extralegal executions/killings; freedom of assembly; freedom of expression; freedom of the press; human rights activists; institutional efficacy; judicial corruption; judicial efficacy; legal system; legislation; map; police corruption; police efficacy; police/security forces; police/security forces complaints; political activities; religion; sexual minorities; sexual violence; torture
Title:
Des violences et violations faites aux minorités sexuelles et de genre au Cameroun
Source:
Alternatives-Cameroun (ACM); Humanity First
Date of Document:
February 2019
Accessed Date:
23 April 2019
7.
Criminality and Corruption
Title:
Cameroon: Tier 2. Trafficking in Persons Report 2018.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
June 2018
Accessed Date:
1 October 2018
Title:
Cameroon. 2018 Crime and Safety Report.
Source:
United States. Overseas Security Advisory Council.
Date of Document:
22 June 2018
Accessed Date:
23 April 2019
Title:
Cameroon. Country Reports on Terrorism 2017.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
September 2018
Accessed Date:
23 April 2019
Title:
Cameroon: Overview of Corruption and Anti-Corruption
Source:
Transparency International
Date of Document:
22 April 2016
Accessed Date:
5 April 2017
Title:
La corruption au Cameroun: Perceptions publiques et moyens de lutte. Dépêche No. 94, Afrobaromètre.
Date of Document:
30 May 2016
Author:
Gérard-José Ebodé
Accessed Date:
5 April 2017
Title:
Cameroon's Far North: A New Chapter in the Fight Against Boko Haram
Source:
International Crisis Group
Date of Document:
14 August 2018
Accessed Date:
23 April 2019
Title:
Cameroon's Far North: Responding to Boko Haram
Source:
Oxford Research Group
Date of Document:
March 2017
Author:
Edward B. Rackley
Accessed Date:
11 April 2018
8.
Military Service - (No items in this section)
9.
Judiciary, Legal and Penal Systems
Title:
Law No 2016/007 of 12 July 2016 relating to the Penal Code
Accessed Date:
11 April 2018
Title:
Concluding observations on the fifth periodic report of Cameroon
Source:
United Nations. Committee against Torture.
Date of Document:
18 December 2017
Accessed Date:
23 April 2019
Title:
Cameroon's Secret Torture Chambers: Human Rights Violations and War Crimes in the Fight Against Boko Haram
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
20 July 2017
Accessed Date:
11 April 2018
Title:
Law N° 2005 of 27 July 2005 on the Criminal Procedure Code
Date of Document:
27 July 2005
Accessed Date:
23 April 2019
10.
Police and Security Forces
Title:
Notices to appear issued by the General Delegation for National Security (Délégation générale à la Sûreté nationale, DGSN), including the issuing procedure; the content and appearance of the notices to appear, and whether it is the same at all police...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
23 October 2013
Accessed Date:
28 April 2014
Keywords:
document fraud; police/security forces
Title:
Cameroon. Freedom of the Press 2016.
Accessed Date:
5 April 2017
Title:
Journalists Not Terrorists: In Cameroon, anti-terror legislation is used to silence critics and suppress dissent
Source:
Committee to Protect Journalists
Date of Document:
20 September 2017
Accessed Date:
11 April 2018
Title:
Cameroon. International Religious Freedom Report for 2017.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
29 May 2018
Accessed Date:
23 April 2019
13.
Nationality, Ethnicity and Race
Title:
Cameroon. World Directory of Minorities and Indigenous Peoples.
Source:
Minority Rights Group International
Date of Document:
September 2017
Accessed Date:
11 April 2018
Title:
Situation of Anglophones, including returnees, in Bamenda, Yaoundé and Douala; treatment by society and by the authorities (2016-August 2018)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
24 August 2018
Accessed Date:
26 April 2019
Title:
The village chief's warriors, specifically in the Mbouda region; possible consequences for someone who refuses to take over the duties of his deceased father, who was a member of one of these warrior groups (2012-March 2015)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
19 March 2015
Accessed Date:
22 April 2016
Keywords:
ethnic and national groups
Title:
Famlà, including the objective of those who practise it, the regions where it is present and the consequences of refusing to be initiated into this practice or to practise it; the support given by the authorities to the people who practise famlà
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
18 April 2016
Accessed Date:
13 April 2017
Title:
Cameroon: New Attacks on Civilians By Troops, Separatists. At Least 170 Killed; Hundreds of Homes Burned.
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
28 March 2019
Accessed Date:
23 April 2019
14.
Exit/Entry and Freedom of Movement
Title:
Cameroon: Displacement Report, Far North Region. Round 15: 03 – 15 September 2018.
Source:
International Organization for Migration
Date of Document:
15 September 2018
Accessed Date:
23 April 2019
15.
Labour, Employment and Unions - (No items in this section)
16.
Other - (No items in this section)
The following changes have been made to the previous package dated 31 May 2019:
Title:
Cameroon. Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2018.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
URL:
https://www.state.gov/reports/2018-country-reports-on-human-rights-practices/cameroon/
Accessed Date:
13 March 2019
Disclaimer
National Documentation Packages (NDPs) include country-of-origin information that is publicly accessible at the time of publication and available within time constraints. While the Research Directorate strives to maintain the
NDP with current information, the research is not exhaustive and country conditions can change rapidly. Members of the public are invited to
suggest documents they feel are relevant to the
NDP.
NDPs are not, and do not purport to be, conclusive as to the merit of any particular claim for refugee protection. Rather, they are intended to support the refugee determination process. The assessment and weight to be given to the information in the
NDPs are the responsibility of independent
IRB members (decision-makers) after considering the evidence and arguments presented by the parties.
All sources are fully cited, including a hyperlink, to facilitate the location of the information. The
IRB will attempt to ensure that these links are maintained for the most recent
NDP. It cannot guarantee or be responsible for:
- the functionality of links to external sources,
- the content accessed by these links,
- the availability of external content in both English and French,
- any other part of a third party website.
The information presented in
NDPs solely reflects the views and perspectives of the sources cited and does not necessarily reflect the position of the
IRB or the Government of Canada.