National Documentation Packages (NDPs) are lists of public documents that provide information on country conditions. Updates occur on a regular basis.
NDPs support the refugee determination process. They do not imply recognition of a particular territory's sovereignty or political status.
NDPs include Responses to Information Requests (RIRs) published by the IRB on its website which may have attachments that are inaccessible due to technical constraints and may include translations of documents originally written in languages other than English or French. To obtain a copy of such attachments and/or translated version of the
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Jurisprudential Guides Notes
Jurisprudential Guides Notes
On
July 28, 2022, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being a
Jurisprudential Guide:
-
Decision TC1 05038 – The proper interpretation of the ‘generalized risk’ exception to protection found at subparagraph 97(1)(b)(ii) of the Act, in claims for protection involving allegations of gang-targeting or other acts of criminality.
On
December 22, 2020, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being a
Jurisprudential Guide.
-
Decision MB8-00025 – This Jurisprudential Guide addresses, in applying Article 1E of the Refugee Convention, whether members should consider allegations of risk in a country of residence if they conclude that a refugee claimant has the rights and obligations which are attached to the possession of nationality in that country.
On
July 6, 2018, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being a
Jurisprudential Guide.
-
Decision TB7-19851 – Nigeria – This Jurisprudential Guide addresses internal flight alternatives in major cities in south and central Nigeria for claimants fleeing non-state actors.
Revoked
The country documentation referenced in each of these decisions has been included in s.16 of the updated National Documentation Packages published on July 10, 2018.
On
July 20, 2017, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being
Jurisprudential Guides.
-
Decision TB7-01837 – Pakistan – Whether the treatment experienced by Ahmadis in Pakistan amounts to persecution, whether state protection is available and whether there is a viable internal flight alternative.
-
Decision MB6-01059/60 – India – Availability of an internal flight alternative in India for claimants from Punjab.
Revoked
-
Decision TB6-11632 – China – Analysis of the efficacy of the Chinese national computer network known as the Golden Shield Project and its impact on whether a person wanted by the authorities can exit China via an airport using a genuine passport.
Revoked
The country documentation referenced in each of these decisions has been included in s.16 of the updated National Documentation Packages published on July 20, 2017.
Back
29 March 2018
SOMALIA
List of Documents
1.
General Information and Maps
Source:
United Nations. Cartographic Section.
Date of Document:
December 2011
Accessed Date:
13 December 2013
Title:
Somali Clan Families
Source:
Sweden. Centre for Country of Origin Information and Analysis, Lifos.
Accessed Date:
12 March 2018
Title:
Somalie. L'Encyclopédie en ligne.
Accessed Date:
17 January 2013
Title:
Report of the Secretary-General on Somalia
Source:
United Nations. Security Council.
Date of Document:
26 December 2017
Accessed Date:
21 March 2018
Title:
Somalia. The World Factbook.
Source:
United States. Central Intelligence Agency.
Date of Document:
14 March 2018
Accessed Date:
21 March 2018
Title:
Somalia. 2018 Humanitarian Needs Overview.
Source:
United Nations. Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs.
Date of Document:
November 2017
Accessed Date:
12 March 2018
Title:
Situation in South and Central Somalia (including Mogadishu)
Source:
Asylum Research Consultancy
Date of Document:
25 January 2018
Accessed Date:
12 March 2018
Title:
EASO Country of Origin Information Report. Somalia: Security Situation.
Source:
European Union. European Asylum Support Office.
Date of Document:
December 2017
Accessed Date:
21 March 2018
Title:
ACAPS Crisis Analysis: Somalia
Source:
Assessment Capacities Project
Date of Document:
20 March 2018
Accessed Date:
27 March 2018
Title:
International Protection Considerations with Regard to People Fleeing Southern and Central Somalia
Source:
United Nations. High Commissioner for Refugees.
Date of Document:
January 2014
Accessed Date:
3 February 2014
Keywords:
arbitrary arrest and detention; armed groups; children; conflict; corruption; crime; disappeared persons; extralegal executions/killings; extremist/terrorist organizations; freedom of movement; freedom of the press; gangs; gender equality; gender-based violence; government corruption; humanitarian situation; institutional efficacy; internal displacement; international guidance note; judicial efficacy; legislation; marriage; minorities; organized crime; penal system; police efficacy; police/security forces; political opposition; political organizations; religion; sexual minorities; sexual violence; social services; statistics; tribes/clans
Title:
UNHCR Position on Returns to Southern and Central Somalia (Update I)
Source:
United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
Date of Document:
May 2016
Accessed Date:
3 March 2017
Title:
Country Policy and Information Note. Somalia (South and Central): Security and humanitarian situation. Version 3.0.
Source:
United Kingdom. Home Office.
Date of Document:
July 2017
Accessed Date:
12 March 2018
Title:
DFAT Country Information Report: Somalia
Source:
Australia. Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade.
Date of Document:
13 June 2017
Accessed Date:
12 March 2018
Title:
Prevalence of cell phones and Internet cafes in Mogadishu, including the ability to use cell phones for financial transfers (2012-February 2015)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
5 March 2015
Accessed Date:
30 March 2015
Keywords:
freedom of expression; Internet
Title:
Prevalence and availability of institutions that conduct Hawala transfers both into an out of Somalia; documents or identification needed to use a remittance company (Hawala); whether they deal with institutions operating in Ethiopia or Kenya
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
10 March 2015
Accessed Date:
30 March 2015
Keywords:
humanitarian situation
Title:
Country Information and Guidance. Somalia: Prison Conditions.
Source:
United Kingdom. Home Office.
Date of Document:
February 2015
Accessed Date:
16 March 2015
Keywords:
abduction; arbitrary arrest and detention; armed groups; children; extralegal executions/killings; freedom of the press; humanitarian situation; international guidance note; labour; legislation; penal system; police/security forces; political activities; religion; social services; torture
Title:
Country Information and Guidance. Somalia: Women fearing gender-based harm and violence. Version 3.0.
Source:
United Kingdom. Home Office.
Date of Document:
2 August 2016
Accessed Date:
3 March 2017
Title:
Country Policy and Information Note. Somalia: Majority clans and minority groups in south and central Somalia. Version 2.0.
Source:
United Kingdom. Home Office.
Date of Document:
June 2017
Accessed Date:
12 March 2018
Title:
Country Policy and Information Note. Somalia (South and Central): Fear of Al Shabaab. Version 2.0.
Source:
United Kingdom. Home Office.
Date of Document:
July 2017
Accessed Date:
12 March 2018
Title:
Somalia: Areas controlled by al-Shabaab as of March 2016
Source:
United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
Date of Document:
March 2016
Accessed Date:
3 March 2017
Title:
Neighbourhoods of Mogadishu
Source:
United States. Central Intelligence Agency.
Accessed Date:
3 March 2017
Title:
Somalia. Administrative Maps.
Source:
Food Security and Nutrition Analysis Unit
Accessed Date:
28 March 2017
Title:
2.3 Somalia Road Network. Logistics Capacity Assessment.
Source:
World Food Programme
Accessed Date:
12 March 2018
Title:
Somalia. Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2016.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
3 March 2017
Accessed Date:
8 March 2017
Title:
Somalia. Amnesty International Report 2017/2018: The State of the World's Human Rights.
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
22 February 2018
Accessed Date:
12 March 2018
Title:
Protection of Civilians: Building the Foundation for Peace, Security and Human Rights in Somalia
Source:
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights; United Nations Assistance Mission in Somalia
Date of Document:
December 2017
Accessed Date:
21 March 2018
Title:
Instruments of Pain (III): Conflict and Famine in Somalia. Africa Briefing N° 125.
Source:
International Crisis Group
Date of Document:
9 May 2017
Accessed Date:
12 March 2018
Title:
Somalia. World Report 2018: Events of 2017.
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
January 2018
Accessed Date:
21 March 2018
Title:
Somalia. Freedom in the World 2016.
Accessed Date:
3 March 2017
Title:
Somaliland. Freedom in the World 2016.
Accessed Date:
3 March 2017
Title:
B. Mogadishu. CORI Thematic Report: Elderly and Disabled. Kabul, Mogadishu, Kinshasa.
Source:
Country of Origin Research and Information
Date of Document:
March 2015
Accessed Date:
4 March 2016
Keywords:
conflict; extralegal executions/killings; extremist/terrorist organizations; freedom of the press; gender-based violence; human rights activists; humanitarian situation; internal displacement; map; minorities; police efficacy; police/security forces; sexual violence; social services; tribes/clans
Title:
Report of the Independent Expert on the situation of human rights in Somalia
Source:
United Nations. Human Rights Council.
Date of Document:
6 September 2017
Accessed Date:
21 March 2018
Title:
Disability in Somalia. K4D Helpdesk Report.
Source:
Institute of Development Studies. Governance and Social Development Resource Centre.
Date of Document:
19 January 2018
Author:
Brigitte Rohwerder
Accessed Date:
21 March 2018
Title:
National Report submitted in accordance with paragraph 5 of the annex to Human Rights Council Resolution 16/21: Somalia
Code:
A/HRC/WG.6/24/SOM/1
Date of Document:
28 October 2015
Accessed Date:
4 March 2016
Keywords:
arbitrary arrest and detention; armed groups; children; citizenship; conflict; election; extralegal executions/killings; extremist/terrorist organizations; freedom of assembly; freedom of expression; gender equality; gender-based violence; human rights activists; humanitarian situation; institutional efficacy; internal displacement; judicial efficacy; labour; legal system; legislation; minorities; police efficacy; police/security forces; political activities; tribes/clans
Title:
Between a Rock and a Hard Place: Human Rights Defenders Under Attack in Somalia and Somaliland
Source:
East and Horn of Africa Human Rights Defenders Project
Date of Document:
February 2016
Accessed Date:
3 March 2017
3.
Identification Documents and Citizenship
Title:
Law No. 28 of 22 December 1962, Somali Citizenship
Accessed Date:
17 January 2013
Keywords:
children; citizenship; legislation; marriage
Title:
Documents in Somalia and Sudan
Source:
Norway. Norwegian Country of Origin Information Centre, Landinfo.
Date of Document:
5 January 2009
Page Numbers:
1, 5-11, 16-19
Accessed Date:
17 January 2013
Keywords:
children; identity documents; institutional efficacy; legal system; marriage; religion
Title:
Republic of Somaliland Citizenship Law (Law No: 22/2002)
Accessed Date:
16 March 2015
Keywords:
children; citizenship; legislation; marriage
Title:
Requirements and procedures to obtain a driver's license; appearance of driver's licenses (2015-July 2017)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
28 July 2017
Accessed Date:
13 March 2018
Title:
Somali-Canadian associations in Canada, including their background, history, and connections with Somalia; whether they can establish the identity of Somalis and the techniques used for this purpose (2013)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
29 November 2013
Accessed Date:
19 December 2013
Keywords:
identity documents; nationality; tribes/clans
Title:
Possibility for people outside the country without identity documents to establish their Somali nationality, in particular, those who have left Somalia since 1991; fraudulent identity documents (2012-July 2013)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
15 July 2013
Accessed Date:
19 December 2013
Keywords:
citizenship; corruption; document fraud; freedom of movement; humanitarian situation; identity documents; nationality
Title:
Somalia Reciprocity Schedule
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Accessed Date:
12 March 2018
Title:
Birth registration, including the issuance of birth certificates; the registration of children attending school; title deeds; whether the owner of a home or business must obtain a title deed (2009-June 2013)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
26 June 2013
Accessed Date:
19 December 2013
Keywords:
identity documents
Title:
Ability to obtain documentation, including medical, education, and employment records; effectiveness of the postal service, on both the domestic and international level
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
6 March 2017
Accessed Date:
23 March 2017
Title:
Documents that show evidence that a person was employed by, or had a contract with the government (2010-2015)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
15 June 2015
Accessed Date:
4 March 2016
Keywords:
identity documents
Title:
Identification documents, including national identity cards, passports, driver's licenses, and any other document required to access government services; information on the issuing agencies and the requirements to obtain documents (2013-July 2015)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
17 March 2016
Accessed Date:
24 March 2016
Keywords:
identity documents
Title:
Information on circumstances under which the Somali government would cancel a passport; whether a passport holder can request a cancellation themselves; whether passport cancellation indicates revocation of citizenship (2013-June 2017)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
20 June 2017
Accessed Date:
9 March 2018
Title:
Canada and Somalia: Information on Temporary Resident Visas (TRV) and Temporary Resident Permits (TRP) issued to Somali citizens, including whether visas and permits are affixed to the Single Journey Travel Document (SJTD) or in a passport...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
5 October 2017
Accessed Date:
23 March 2018
Title:
Somalia, Ethiopia, Kenya, and the United States: Requirements and procedures for Somali citizens to obtain identity documents, including passports, at Somali embassies in Addis Ababa, Nairobi and Washington D.C. (2016-March 2018)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
23 February 2018
Accessed Date:
22 March 2018
Title:
Recognising Nairobi's Refugees: The Challenges and Significance of Documentation Proving Identity and Status
Source:
Norwegian Refugee Council; International Human Rights Clinic at Harvard Law School
Date of Document:
16 November 2017
Accessed Date:
12 March 2018
Title:
Documents required and procedures for selling a business or property in Mogadishu and Kismayo; documents required and procedures for obtaining a business license in Mogadishu and Kismayo (2014-June 2016)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
10 June 2016
Accessed Date:
22 March 2018
Title:
Whether persons born in Somaliland and in the Ogaden region of Ethiopia are entitled to Somali citizenship; citizenship status of women married to foreign nationals; requirements and procedures to obtain and reacquire Somali citizenship...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
9 March 2018
Accessed Date:
14 March 2018
4.
Political Activities and Organizations
Title:
Somalia profile - Timeline
Source:
British Broadcasting Corporation. News Africa.
Date of Document:
4 September 2017
Accessed Date:
12 March 2018
Title:
Somalia 2016-2017 Limited Election Process. EU Election Expert Mission Final Report.
Source:
European Union Election Expert Mission to Somalia
Date of Document:
February 2017
Accessed Date:
12 March 2018
Title:
Treatment of members and supporters of the Justice and Welfare Party (UCID) and suspected members and supporters of the Ogaden National Liberation Front (ONLF) by authorities in Somaliland, including whether the authorities cooperate with...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
1 December 2017
Accessed Date:
14 March 2018
Title:
Information on the Peace and Human Rights Network (PHRN, also known as INXA), including foundation, objectives, structure, and leadership; treatment of staff and supporters of human rights groups, including PHRN, by Al Shabaab (2005-2013)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
15 August 2017
Accessed Date:
22 March 2018
Title:
Somalia: March 2018 update
Source:
United Kingdom. House of Commons Library.
Date of Document:
27 March 2018
Accessed Date:
29 March 2018
Title:
I. Political Transformation. Transformation Index 2018 Country Report: Somalia.
Source:
Bertelsmann Stiftung
Accessed Date:
27 March 2018
5.
Gender, Domestic Violence and Children
Title:
Somalia. Social Institutions and Gender Index 2014.
Source:
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
Accessed Date:
28 November 2014
Keywords:
abduction; children; conflict; domestic violence; extralegal executions/killings; family law; freedom of movement; gender equality; internal displacement; judicial efficacy; labour; legislation; marriage; police/security forces; political activities; religion; sexual violence; trafficking in persons; tribes/clans
Title:
The Complexity of Sexual and Gender-Based Violence. Insights from Mogadishu and South Central Somalia.
Source:
International Alert; International Committee for the Development of Peoples (CISP)
Date of Document:
October 2015
Accessed Date:
8 March 2016
Keywords:
abduction; children; conflict; domestic violence; ethnic and national groups; extralegal executions/killings; femicide; freedom of the press; gender equality; gender-based violence; human rights activists; humanitarian situation; institutional efficacy; internal displacement; judicial efficacy; labour; legal system; legislation; marriage; minorities; police efficacy; police/security forces; political activities; religion; sexual violence; torture; tribes/clans; witness protection
Title:
The situation of women without male support
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
17 November 2011
Accessed Date:
17 January 2013
Keywords:
arbitrary arrest and detention; armed groups; conflict; extremist/terrorist organizations; female genital mutilation; gender equality; gender-based violence; institutional efficacy; internal displacement; judicial efficacy; labour; legal system; marriage; political organizations; religion; sexual violence; social services; torture; trafficking in persons; tribes/clans
Title:
Thematic Paper: South Central Somalia - Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting
Source:
Denmark. Danish Immigration Service.
Date of Document:
January 2016
Accessed Date:
6 March 2017
Title:
'The Power These Men Have Over Us.' Sexual Exploitation and Abuse by African Union Forces in Somalia.
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
8 September 2014
Accessed Date:
23 September 2014
Title:
Women in Somalia – Pregnancies and Children out of Wedlock
Source:
Sweden. Centre for Country of Origin Information and Analysis, Lifos.
Date of Document:
1 June 2017
Accessed Date:
12 March 2018
Title:
Somalia Country Report: Children and Security
Source:
The Roméo Dallaire Child Soldiers Initiative
Date of Document:
31 January 2017
Accessed Date:
12 March 2018
Title:
Looma Ooyaan – No One Cries for Them: The Predicament Facing Somalia's Minority Women.
Source:
Minority Rights Group International; IIDA
Date of Document:
January 2015
Accessed Date:
16 March 2015
Keywords:
armed groups; children; conflict; domestic violence; election; ethnic and national groups; female genital mutilation; gangs; gender equality; gender-based violence; humanitarian situation; institutional efficacy; internal displacement; judicial efficacy; labour; legal system; legislation; map; marriage; minorities; police efficacy; police/security forces; political activities; race; religion; sexual violence; social services; tribes/clans
Title:
“It's Like We're Always in a Prison”: Abuses Against Boys Accused of National Security Offenses in Somalia
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
21 February 2018
Accessed Date:
21 March 2018
Title:
Country Marriage Pack. Somalia.
Source:
Ireland. Refugee Documentation Centre.
Date of Document:
April 2015
Accessed Date:
8 March 2016
Keywords:
family law; gender equality; legal system; marriage; religion
Title:
Somalia. State-Sponsored Homophobia 2017: A world survey of sexual orientation laws: criminalisation, protection and recognition.
Source:
International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Association
Date of Document:
May 2017
Author:
Aengus Carroll; Lucas Ramón Mendos
Accessed Date:
12 March 2018
7.
Criminality and Corruption
Title:
Somalia. Country Reports on Terrorism 2016.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
June 2017
Accessed Date:
12 March 2018
Title:
Somalia: Special Case. Trafficking in Persons Report 2017.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
June 2017
Accessed Date:
12 March 2018
Title:
Somalie : Actes terroristes et présence d'al-Shabaab au Somaliland depuis 2008
Source:
France. Office français de protection des réfugiés et apatrides.
Date of Document:
17 May 2016
Accessed Date:
6 March 2017
Title:
Letter dated 2 November 2017 from the Monitoring Group on Somalia and Eritrea addressed to the Chair of the Security Council Committee pursuant to resolutions 751 (1992) and 1907 (2009) concerning Somalia and Eritrea
Source:
United Nations. Security Council.
Date of Document:
2 November 2017
Accessed Date:
12 March 2018
Title:
Managing the Disruptive Aftermath of Somalia's Worst Terror Attack. Africa Briefing N°131.
Source:
International Crisis Group
Date of Document:
20 October 2017
Accessed Date:
12 March 2018
Title:
Countering Al-Shabaab Propaganda and Recruitment Mechanisms in South Central Somalia
Source:
United Nations Assistance Mission in Somalia
Date of Document:
14 August 2017
Accessed Date:
12 March 2018
Title:
South and Central Somalia. Security Situation, al-Shabaab Presence, and Target Groups.
Source:
Danish Refugee Council; Denmark. Danish Immigration Service.
Date of Document:
March 2017
Accessed Date:
23 March 2017
Title:
Al-Shabab. Mapping Militant Organizations.
Source:
Standford University
Date of Document:
20 February 2016
Accessed Date:
6 March 2017
Title:
Somalia: “Spared From the Spear”. The People's Perspectives: Civilian Involvement in Armed Conflict.
Source:
Center for Civilians in Conflict
Date of Document:
11 May 2015
Accessed Date:
8 March 2016
Keywords:
armed groups; corruption; crime; drug trafficking; extremist/terrorist organizations; gangs; institutional efficacy; judicial efficacy; legal system; organized crime; police efficacy; police/security forces
Title:
Al-Shabaab: Chronology of Events April 2014-January 2016
Source:
European Country of Origin Information Network
Date of Document:
15 January 2016
Accessed Date:
14 March 2016
Keywords:
armed groups; conflict; extralegal executions/killings; extremist/terrorist organizations; gender equality; police/security forces; political activities; political opposition; political organizations; religion; sexual violence
Title:
Somalia. International Narcotics Control Strategy Report 2016, Volume II: Money Laundering and Financial Crimes.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
March 2016
Accessed Date:
23 March 2016
Keywords:
armed groups; corruption; crime; drug trafficking; extremist/terrorist organizations; gangs; institutional efficacy; judicial efficacy; legal system; legislation; organized crime; police efficacy; police/security forces
Title:
Somalia – September 2017 Update
Source:
Armed Conflict Location and Event Data Project
Date of Document:
22 September 2017
Accessed Date:
20 March 2018
8.
Military Service - (No items in this section)
9.
Judiciary, Legal and Penal Systems
Title:
The Courts of “Absolute Power”: Fair Trial Violations by Somalia's Military Court.
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
21 May 2014
Accessed Date:
14 July 2014
Keywords:
arbitrary arrest and detention; armed groups; conflict; judicial corruption; judicial efficacy; legal system; legislation; police/security forces
10.
Police and Security Forces
Title:
Whether police investigate killings committed by Al-Shabaab [Al-Shabab] in Mogadishu, including whether police reports are written; procedures to obtain a copy of a police report (2014-June 2016)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
14 June 2016
Accessed Date:
26 May 2017
Title:
Somalia. Freedom of the Press 2016.
Accessed Date:
6 March 2017
Title:
Report on the Right to Freedom of Expression: Striving to Widen Democratic Space in Somalia's Political Transition
Source:
United Nations Assistance Mission in Somalia; Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights
Date of Document:
31 August 2016
Accessed Date:
6 March 2017
Title:
“Like Fish in Poisonous Waters”: Attacks on Media Freedom in Somalia
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
2 May 2016
Accessed Date:
6 March 2017
Title:
Somalia. International Religious Freedom Report for 2016.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
15 August 2017
Accessed Date:
20 March 2018
Title:
Treatment of non-Muslims, including those who commit apostasy, by society and extremist groups, including al-Shabaab (2013-April 2014)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
29 April 2014
Accessed Date:
30 March 2015
Keywords:
extralegal executions/killings; extremist/terrorist organizations; judicial efficacy; legislation; minorities; police efficacy; religion; torture; tribes/clans
Title:
Situation of practitioners of Sufism in Mogadishu; incidents of violence involving al Shabaab [Al-Shabaab] and practitioners of Sufism; security situation and availability of state protection in Mogadishu (2013-November 2014)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
24 November 2014
Accessed Date:
30 March 2015
Keywords:
arbitrary arrest and detention; conflict; crime; extralegal executions/killings; extremist/terrorist organizations; police/security forces; religion
Title:
Understanding the Concept of Islamic Sufism
Source:
Journal of Education and Social Policy
Date of Document:
June 2014
Accessed Date:
30 March 2017
Title:
Somalia. United States Commission on International Religious Freedom Annual Report 2017.
Source:
United States. Commission on International Religious Freedom.
Date of Document:
April 2017
Accessed Date:
20 March 2018
Title:
Somalia: Treatment of Religious Minorities.
Source:
United States. The Law Library of Congress. Global Legal Research Centre.
Date of Document:
July 2016
Accessed Date:
20 March 2018
13.
Nationality, Ethnicity and Race
Title:
No redress: Somalia's forgotten minorities
Source:
Minority Rights Group International
Date of Document:
November 2010
Accessed Date:
17 January 2013
Keywords:
arbitrary arrest and detention; children; conflict; crime; domestic violence; election; ethnic and national groups; extremist/terrorist organizations; female genital mutilation; freedom of assembly; freedom of expression; gender equality; gender-based violence; humanitarian situation; institutional efficacy; internal displacement; judicial efficacy; labour; legal system; legislation; map; marriage; minorities; police efficacy; police/security forces; police/security forces complaints; political activities; political organizations; religion; sexual violence; social services; statistics; torture; tribes/clans
Title:
Genealogical Table of Somali Clans
Source:
United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
Accessed Date:
17 January 2013
Title:
Government and Clan System in Somalia: Report from Fact Finding Mission to Nairobi, Kenya, and Mogadishu, Hargeisa and Boosaaso in Somalia in June 2012.
Source:
Sweden. Centre for Country of Origin Information and Analysis, Lifos.
Date of Document:
5 March 2013
Accessed Date:
13 December 2013
Keywords:
children; conflict; corruption; country overview; crime; domestic violence; ethnic and national groups; extralegal executions/killings; extremist/terrorist organizations; gender-based violence; government corruption; internal displacement; legal system; minorities; organized crime; police corruption; police report; police/security forces; political activities; political organizations; sexual violence
Title:
Somalia: Protection and Conflict Resolution Mechanisms
Source:
Norway. Norwegian Country of Origin Information Centre, Landinfo.
Date of Document:
30 September 2011
Accessed Date:
17 January 2013
Keywords:
armed groups; children; conflict; ethnic and national groups; extralegal executions/killings; extremist/terrorist organizations; humanitarian situation; institutional efficacy; judicial efficacy; legal system; marriage; military service; minorities; political opposition; political organizations; religion; torture; tribes/clans
Title:
Report on minority groups in Somalia: Joint British, Danish and Dutch Fact-Finding Mission to Nairobi, Kenya, 17-24 September 2000
Source:
Denmark. Danish Immigration Service.
Accessed Date:
17 January 2013
Keywords:
abduction; armed groups; conflict; crime; ethnic and national groups; female genital mutilation; indigenous groups; internal displacement; labour; marriage; minorities; political activities; race; religion; sexual violence; tribes/clans
Title:
Information on the Ashraf clan, including the location of their traditional homeland, affiliated clans, risks they face from other tribes; whether the name Sharif is given to a male at birth
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
23 November 2010
Accessed Date:
17 January 2013
Keywords:
armed groups; conflict; ethnic and national groups; extremist/terrorist organizations; minorities; religion; tribes/clans
Title:
Distinguishing characteristics of the Gabooye (Midgan) people; whether it is possible for a member of the minority clan living in Mogadishu to hide that they are part of the Gabooye from his or her spouse and in-laws, who are members of a majority clan.
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
7 October 2013
Accessed Date:
19 December 2013
Keywords:
children; ethnic and national groups; marriage; minorities
Title:
Somalia. State of the World's Minorities and Indigenous Peoples 2015: Events of 2014.
Source:
Minority Rights Group International
Date of Document:
2 July 2015
Accessed Date:
8 March 2016
Keywords:
conflict; gender equality; internal displacement; labour; minorities; police/security forces; political activities; tribes/clans
Title:
The Total Somali Clan Genealogy (Second Edition)
Source:
Leiden University. African Studies Centre.
Date of Document:
18 December 2009
Accessed Date:
8 May 2017
Title:
Clans in Somalia: Report on a Lecture by Joakim Gundel, COI Workshop Vienna, 15 May 2009 (Revised Edition)
Source:
Austrian Red Cross; Austrian Centre for Country of Origin and Asylum Research and Documentation
Date of Document:
December 2009
Accessed Date:
16 March 2015
Keywords:
armed groups; children; conflict; corruption; country overview; crime; ethnic and national groups; extralegal executions/killings; extremist/terrorist organizations; family law; freedom of movement; gender equality; internal displacement; judicial efficacy; labour; legislation; map; minorities; political activities; religion; sexual violence; tribes/clans
Title:
The Biyomal [Biimaal, Biyomaal, Biymaal, Biyamal] clan, including work, history, religious affiliation, location within the country, particularly Nus Dunya; the Rahanweyn [Rahanwen] clan, including location in the country; treatment of the...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
2 October 2015
Accessed Date:
22 March 2016
Keywords:
armed groups; conflict; extralegal executions/killings; minorities; tribes/clans
Title:
Annex C - Somalia clan structure; Annex D - Main minority groups. Somalia. Country of Origin Information Report.
Source:
United Kingdom. Home Office.
Date of Document:
8 May 2007
Accessed Date:
17 January 2013
Keywords:
ethnic and national groups; minorities; religion; statistics; tribes/clans
Title:
The Gabooye (Midgan) people, including the location of their traditional homeland, affiliated clans, and risks they face from other clans
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
4 December 2012
Accessed Date:
17 January 2013
Keywords:
armed groups; ethnic and national groups; internal displacement; labour; marriage; minorities; sexual violence; tribes/clans
Title:
The Bravanese (Barawan) ethnic group, including the location of their traditional homeland, affiliated clans and risks they face from other clans
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
3 December 2012
Accessed Date:
17 January 2013
Keywords:
armed groups; ethnic and national groups; extremist/terrorist organizations; labour; minorities; tribes/clans
Title:
The Reer Hamar and/or Benadiri, including the location of their traditional homeland, affiliated clans and risks they face from other clans
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
3 December 2012
Accessed Date:
17 January 2013
Keywords:
armed groups; ethnic and national groups; extremist/terrorist organizations; internal displacement; labour; marriage; minorities; religion; sexual violence; tribes/clans
Title:
The Tunni ethnic group, including regions where its members reside; treatment by society, authorities and Al Shabaab; relationship with other clans (2012-December 2014)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
22 December 2014
Accessed Date:
30 March 2015
Keywords:
conflict; ethnic and national groups; indigenous groups; minorities; race; tribes/clans
Title:
The Hawrarsame clan, including its current situation and relationship with other clans (2005-2013)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
4 February 2014
Accessed Date:
30 March 2015
Keywords:
conflict; extralegal executions/killings; extremist/terrorist organizations; internal displacement; minorities; tribes/clans
Title:
Minorities in Somalia. Somalia: Security, Minorities and Migration.
Source:
Austria. Federal Ministry of the Interior.
Accessed Date:
16 March 2015
Keywords:
armed groups; children; conflict; crime; ethnic and national groups; extralegal executions/killings; extremist/terrorist organizations; human rights activists; humanitarian situation; institutional efficacy; internal displacement; marriage; minorities; police/security forces; political activities; political organizations; religion; sexual violence; tribes/clans
Title:
Reports of clashes between Hawiye (or subclan Hawadle) and Dir clans/sub-clans in the area of Beledweyne [Beled Weyne, Belet Weyne] in Hiiraan [Hiiran, Hiiraan] and in Mogadishu; state of interclan relations between the Hawiye and Dir...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
26 April 2016
Accessed Date:
26 May 2017
Title:
Information on the Ajuran clan, including location, clan affiliation, and whether the clan is a minority; treatment of members; reports of armed clashes with the Ogaden clan; reports of targeting of members of the Ajuran by Al Shabaa...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
31 August 2016
Accessed Date:
29 May 2017
Title:
Information on the Arab Salah ethnic group, including location, clan lineage and affiliation, including whether the clan is a minority (2014-July 2016)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
24 August 2016
Accessed Date:
29 May 2017
Title:
Information on the Degodia clan, including distinguishing features, locations, occupations and position in the clan hierarchy; treatment (2014-August 2016)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
2 September 2016
Accessed Date:
29 May 2017
Title:
Information on the Ujejen sub-clan, including distinguishing features, locations, occupations and position in the clan hierarchy; treatment (2014-November 2016)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
10 November 2016
Accessed Date:
29 May 2017
Title:
Information on the Dabare Waqbare sub-clan, including distinguishing features, locations, occupations and position in the clan hierarchy; treatment, including the ability of members to live in Mogadishu (2014-October 2017)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
25 October 2017
Accessed Date:
9 March 2018
Title:
Information on the Ogaden clan in Somaliland, including distinguishing features, locations, occupations and position in the clan hierarchy; treatment by the Somaliland authorities and by al-Shabaab (2015-October 2017)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
23 November 2017
Accessed Date:
22 March 2018
Title:
Information on the Gadsan clan, including history, cultural practices, locations, occupations and position in the clan hierarchy; relationship with other clans, authorities and Al Shabaab (2015-December 2017)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
14 December 2017
Accessed Date:
22 March 2018
14.
Exit/Entry and Freedom of Movement
Title:
Somaliland, including government structure, security, and presence of internally displaced persons (IDPs) from Somalia (2016-March 2018)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
23 March 2018
Accessed Date:
28 March 2018
Title:
Puntland, including government structure, security, and access for internally displaced persons (IDPs) from Somalia
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
25 November 2011
Accessed Date:
17 January 2013
Keywords:
abduction; arbitrary arrest and detention; children; citizenship; conflict; crime; election; ethnic and national groups; extralegal executions/killings; extremist/terrorist organizations; female genital mutilation; freedom of expression; freedom of movement; freedom of the press; gender-based violence; human rights activists; humanitarian situation; institutional efficacy; internal displacement; judicial efficacy; labour; legal system; legislation; police efficacy; political opposition; political organizations; sexual violence; social services; trafficking in persons; transport infrastructure; tribes/clans
Title:
Dadaab Returnee Conflict Assessment
Source:
Danish Demining Group
Date of Document:
August 2017
Accessed Date:
21 March 2018
Title:
Frequency of members of the diaspora returning to live in the country, and particularly in Mogadishu; availability of housing and employment to diaspora returnees, including difficulties related to clan membership and economic opportunities (2012-2015)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
13 March 2015
Accessed Date:
30 March 2015
Keywords:
ethnic and national groups; freedom of movement; internal displacement
Title:
A Review of the Legal Framework Relating to the Proposed closure of the Dadaab Refugee Camp and Repatriation of Somali Refugees
Source:
Thomson Reuters Foundation. TrustLaw.
Date of Document:
November 2017
Accessed Date:
21 March 2018
Title:
Displacement and Housing, Land and Property Disputes in Puntland
Source:
Norwegian Refugee Council
Date of Document:
March 2015
Accessed Date:
8 March 2016
Keywords:
family law; gender equality; government corruption; identity documents; institutional efficacy; internal displacement; judicial efficacy; legal system; marriage; tribes/clans
Title:
Land Matters in Mogadishu: Settlement, ownership and displacement in a contested city
Source:
Rift Valley Institute; Heritage Institute for Policy Studies
Accessed Date:
21 March 2018
Title:
Somalia Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM Round 5)
Source:
International Organization for Migration
Date of Document:
June 2017
Accessed Date:
21 March 2018
Title:
Mexico and Somalia: Visas and permits issued to Somali citizens to transit through Mexico (2016-March 2018)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
15 March 2018
Accessed Date:
28 March 2018
15.
Labour, Employment and Unions - (No items in this section)
Title:
Requirements and procedures to obtain a copy of an asylum claim, including information on the forms, identity information needed, and how long requests take to process; circumstances under which an individual would not be able to obtain their ...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
20 January 2012
Accessed Date:
14 November 2012
Keywords:
citizenship; identity documents; legislation
Title:
Somalia. Q&A: Representative of Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada. Research Directorate Session Transcript.
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
18 October 2017
Accessed Date:
21 March 2018
Title:
Somalia. Q&A: Political Advisor to the African Union Mission in Somalia. Research Directorate Session Transcript.
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
18 October 2017
Accessed Date:
21 March 2018
Title:
Information on refugees resettled in the US by the UNHCR, including status documents provided; ability to study, work, access social security, and travel outside the US; impact of travel outside the US on residency status and ability to ...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
5 April 2017
Accessed Date:
21 March 2018
Title:
Period of authorized stay for holders of visitor visas (B1, B2 and B1/B2) (2016-February 2018)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
6 February 2018
Accessed Date:
21 March 2018
The following changes have been made to the previous package dated 31 March 2017:
Title:
Report of the Secretary-General on Somalia
Source:
United Nations. Security Council.
Date of Document:
9 January 2017
URL:
http://www.securitycouncilreport.org/atf/cf/%7B65BFCF9B-6D27-4E9C-8CD3-CF6E4FF96FF9%7D/s_2017_21.pdf
Accessed Date:
28 March 2017
Title:
Somalia. The World Factbook.
Source:
United States. Central Intelligence Agency.
Date of Document:
12 January 2017
URL:
https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/so.html
Accessed Date:
28 March 2017
Title:
Somalia. Humanitarian Needs Overview 2017.
Source:
United Nations. Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs.
Date of Document:
October 2016
URL:
https://www.humanitarianresponse.info/system/files/documents/files/161124_som_hno_2017.pdf
Accessed Date:
3 March 2017
Title:
ACAPS Country Profile: Somalia
Source:
Assessment Capacities Project
Date of Document:
20 December 2016
URL:
https://www.acaps.org/country/somalia/country-profile
Accessed Date:
3 March 2017
Title:
Country Information and Guidance Somalia: Security and humanitarian situation in south and central Somalia. Version 2.0.
Source:
United Kingdom. Home Office.
Date of Document:
July 2016
URL:
https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/566252/CIG_-_Somalia_-_Security_Situation.pdf
Accessed Date:
28 March 2017
Title:
Country Information and Guidance. Somalia: South and central Somalia: Majority clans and minority groups.
Source:
United Kingdom. Home Office.
Date of Document:
March 2015
URL:
https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/566254/CIG_SOM_Clans_and_MGs.pdf
Accessed Date:
30 March 2015
Keywords:
abduction; armed groups; conflict; crime; domestic violence; ethnic and national groups; extralegal executions/killings; extremist/terrorist organizations; freedom of movement; gender equality; gender-based violence; institutional efficacy; internal displacement; international guidance note; judicial efficacy; labour; legal system; marriage; minorities; police corruption; police efficacy; police/security forces; religion; sexual violence; social services; torture; tribes/clans
Title:
Country Information and Guidance. South and Central Somalia: Fear of Al-Shabaab. Version 1.0.
Source:
United Kingdom. Home Office.
Date of Document:
March 2016
URL:
https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/566253/SOM_CIG_Fear_of_Al_Shabaab.pdf
Accessed Date:
3 March 2017
Title:
Somalia. Amnesty International Annual Report 2016/17: The State of the World's Human Rights.
Source:
Amnesty International
URL:
https://www.amnesty.org/en/countries/africa/somalia/report-somalia/
Accessed Date:
28 March 2017
Title:
Somalia. World Report 2017: Events of 2016.
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
January 2017
URL:
https://www.hrw.org/world-report/2017/country-chapters/somalia
Accessed Date:
28 March 2017
Title:
Report of the Independent Expert on the situation of human rights in Somalia
Source:
United Nations. Human Rights Council.
Date of Document:
15 September 2016
URL:
http://ap.ohchr.org/documents/dpage_e.aspx?si=A/HRC/33/64
Accessed Date:
30 March 2017
Title:
EASO Country of Origin Information Report. Somalia Security Situation.
Source:
European Union. European Asylum Support Office.
Date of Document:
February 2016
URL:
http://www.refworld.org/docid/56e157934.html
Accessed Date:
11 March 2016
Keywords:
abduction; arbitrary arrest and detention; armed groups; children; citizenship; conflict; country overview; crime; disappeared persons; document fraud; domestic violence; election; ethnic and national groups; extremist/terrorist organizations; female genital mutilation; freedom of assembly; freedom of expression; freedom of movement; freedom of the press; gangs; gender-based violence; human rights activists; humanitarian situation; identity documents; indigenous groups; internal displacement; Internet; judicial corruption; judicial efficacy; labour; legal system; legislation; map; marriage; military service; minorities; penal system; police/security forces; political activities; political opposition; political organizations; rejected asylum seekers; religion; sexual minorities; sexual violence; social services; statistics; torture; trafficking in persons; transport infrastructure; tribes/clans; warrants
Title:
Somalia Reciprocity Schedule
Source:
United States. Department of State.
URL:
http://travel.state.gov/content/visas/english/fees/reciprocity-by-country/SO.html
Accessed Date:
3 March 2017
Title:
Somalia profile - Timeline
Source:
British Broadcasting Corporation. News Africa.
Date of Document:
21 November 2016
URL:
http://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-14094632
Accessed Date:
3 March 2017
Title:
Somalia: March 2017 update
Source:
United Kingdom. House of Commons Library.
Date of Document:
27 March 2018
URL:
http://researchbriefings.files.parliament.uk/documents/CBP-7298/CBP-7298.pdf
Accessed Date:
23 March 2017
Title:
I. Political Transformation. Bertelsmann Stiftung, BTI 2016 - Somalia Country Report.
Source:
Gütersloh: Bertelsmann Stiftung
URL:
http://www.bti-project.org/fileadmin/files/BTI/Downloads/Reports/2016/pdf/BTI_2016_Somalia.pdf
Accessed Date:
14 March 2016
Keywords:
abduction; arbitrary arrest and detention; armed groups; children; citizenship; conflict; corruption; crime; election; extralegal executions/killings; extremist/terrorist organizations; freedom of assembly; freedom of expression; freedom of the press; gangs; gender equality; gender-based violence; government corruption; humanitarian situation; institutional efficacy; internal displacement; Internet; judicial corruption; judicial efficacy; legal system; legislation; marriage; minorities; nationality; organized crime; penal system; police corruption; police/security forces; political activities; political organizations; religion; sexual violence; social services; statistics; tribes/clans
Title:
Somalia. State Sponsored Homophobia 2016: A world survey of sexual orientation laws: criminalisation, protection and recognition.
Source:
International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Association
Date of Document:
October 2016
URL:
http://ilga.org/downloads/02_ILGA_State_Sponsored_Homophobia_2016_ENG_WEB_150516.pdf
Accessed Date:
6 March 2017
Title:
Somalia. Country Reports on Terrorism 2015.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
June 2016
URL:
https://www.state.gov/j/ct/rls/crt/2015/257514.htm
Accessed Date:
6 March 2017
Title:
Somalia (Special Case). Trafficking in Persons Report 2016.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
June 2016
URL:
https://www.state.gov/j/tip/rls/tiprpt/countries/2016/258859.htm
Accessed Date:
6 March 2017
Title:
Somalia. International Religious Freedom Report for 2015.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
10 August 2016
URL:
http://www.state.gov/j/drl/rls/irf/religiousfreedom/index.htm?year=2015&dlid=256069
Accessed Date:
29 March 2017
Title:
Somalia: Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM Round II), Camp/Site Assessment
Source:
International Organization for Migration
Date of Document:
July 2016
URL:
http://reliefweb.int/report/somalia/somalia-displacement-tracking-matrix-dtm-round-ii-campsite-assessment-july-2016
Accessed Date:
6 March 2017
Title:
Ethnic Groups: Somalia's Clan Families and Major Subclans
Source:
United States. Central Intelligence Agency.
URL:
http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/africa/somalia_ethnic_grps_2002.jpg
Accessed Date:
17 January 2013
Keywords:
map; tribes/clans
Title:
Security Situation in Somalia
Source:
Finland. Finnish Immigration Service.
Date of Document:
4 May 2016
URL:
http://www.migri.fi/download/68429_Somalia_security_situation_April_2016.pdf?4d6923eac719d488
Accessed Date:
3 March 2017
Title:
Report of the Chairperson of the Commission on the Follow-Up of the Relevant Provisions of Communiqué PSC/PR/COMM. (DXXI) on the Situation in Somalia
Source:
African Union. Peace and Security Council.
Date of Document:
18 September 2015
URL:
http://www.peaceau.org/uploads/psc-rpt-somalia-18-09-2015-9p.pdf
Accessed Date:
4 March 2016
Keywords:
armed groups; conflict; extremist/terrorist organizations; police efficacy; police/security forces; political activities
Title:
Country Information and Guidance: Somalia
Source:
United Kingdom. Home Office.
Date of Document:
April 2014
URL:
http://www.refworld.org/docid/536754304.html
Accessed Date:
16 March 2015
Keywords:
arbitrary arrest and detention; armed groups; children; conflict; corruption; country overview; crime; disappeared persons; domestic violence; election; ethnic and national groups; extralegal executions/killings; extremist/terrorist organizations; female genital mutilation; freedom of expression; freedom of movement; freedom of the press; gangs; gender-based violence; government corruption; human rights activists; humanitarian situation; institutional efficacy; internal displacement; international guidance note; judicial corruption; judicial efficacy; labour; legal system; legislation; map; marriage; military service; minorities; penal system; police corruption; police efficacy; police/security forces; political activities; political opposition; political organizations; religion; sexual violence; social services; statistics; torture; trafficking in persons; tribes/clans
Title:
Somalia: Country of Origin Information Report
Source:
United Kingdom. Home Office.
Date of Document:
5 August 2013
URL:
http://www.refworld.org/docid/51ffa6ed4.html
Accessed Date:
13 December 2013
Keywords:
arbitrary arrest and detention; armed groups; children; citizenship; conflict; country overview; domestic violence; ethnic and national groups; female genital mutilation; freedom of expression; freedom of movement; freedom of the press; human rights activists; humanitarian situation; identity documents; internal displacement; legal system; legislation; map; marriage; penal system; police/security forces; religion; sexual minorities; sexual violence; statistics; torture; trafficking in persons; tribes/clans
Title:
South Central Somalia. Country of Origin Information for Use in the Asylum Determination Process. Report from the Danish Immigration Service's fact finding mission to Nairobi, Kenya and Mogadishu, Somalia. 2 – 12 May 2015.
Source:
Denmark. Danish Immigration Service.
Date of Document:
September 2015
URL:
https://www.nyidanmark.dk/NR/rdonlyres/E7BE9811-3CA0-4F86-BD27-749FB153B73A/0/Somalia_FFM_report_2015.pdf
Accessed Date:
4 March 2016
Keywords:
arbitrary arrest and detention; armed groups; children; conflict; crime; extralegal executions/killings; extremist/terrorist organizations; freedom of movement; freedom of the press; gender-based violence; human rights activists; humanitarian situation; institutional efficacy; internal displacement; labour; legal system; marriage; minorities; police efficacy; police/security forces; religion; social services; torture; transport infrastructure; tribes/clans
Title:
Report of the Working Group on the Universal Periodic Review: Somalia
Source:
United Nations. Human Rights Council.
Date of Document:
13 April 2016
URL:
http://www.ohchr.org/EN/HRBodies/UPR/Pages/SOSession24.aspx
Accessed Date:
3 March 2017
Title:
Somalia. Human Rights Violations and Abuses Persist. Amnesty International Submission to the UN Universal Periodic Review, January – February 2016.
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
June 2015
URL:
https://www.amnesty.org/en/documents/afr52/2820/2015/en/
Accessed Date:
4 March 2016
Keywords:
children; conflict; extralegal executions/killings; extremist/terrorist organizations; freedom of assembly; freedom of expression; freedom of the press; gender-based violence; human rights activists; humanitarian situation; internal displacement; Internet; legislation; police efficacy; police/security forces; political activities; political opposition; rejected asylum seekers; sexual violence
Title:
Identification documents, including passports and driver's licenses; whether driver's licenses are/have been issued, including language of documents (2007-June 2013)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
14 June 2013
URL:
http://www.irb-cisr.gc.ca/Eng/ResRec/RirRdi/Pages/index.aspx?doc=454626&pls=1
Accessed Date:
19 December 2013
Keywords:
identity documents
Title:
Factsheet on Somalia's 2016 Electoral Process
Source:
United Nations. Assistance Mission in Somalia.
Date of Document:
23 October 2016
URL:
http://unsom.unmissions.org/fact-sheet-somalia%E2%80%99s-2016-electoral-process
Accessed Date:
3 March 2017
Title:
Somaliland: The Strains of Success. Africa Briefing No 113.
Source:
International Crisis Group
Date of Document:
5 October 2015
URL:
https://www.crisisgroup.org/africa/horn-africa/somaliland/somaliland-strains-success
Accessed Date:
8 March 2016
Keywords:
conflict; election; extremist/terrorist organizations; freedom of expression; freedom of the press; human rights activists; institutional efficacy; judicial efficacy; labour; map; police efficacy; police/security forces; political activities; political opposition; religion; tribes/clans
Title:
Somalia. House of the People.
Source:
Inter-Parliamentary Union. Parline.
Date of Document:
17 March 2017
URL:
http://www.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/2380.htm
Accessed Date:
3 March 2017
Title:
Somalia's Federal Future. Layered Agendas, Risks and Opportunities.
Date of Document:
September 2015
URL:
https://www.chathamhouse.org/sites/files/chathamhouse/field/field_document/20150902SomaliaFederalFutureMosley.pdf
Accessed Date:
8 March 2016
Keywords:
conflict; humanitarian situation; institutional efficacy; judicial efficacy; legislation; map; minorities; police efficacy; police/security forces; political activities; tribes/clans
Title:
“Here, Rape is Normal”. A Five-Point Plan to Curtail Sexual Violence in Somalia.
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
February 2014
URL:
http://www.hrw.org/sites/default/files/reports/somalia0214_ForUpload.pdf
Accessed Date:
16 March 2015
Keywords:
children; conflict; crime; domestic violence; extremist/terrorist organizations; female genital mutilation; gender equality; gender-based violence; institutional efficacy; internal displacement; judicial efficacy; labour; legislation; map; marriage; minorities; penal system; police corruption; police efficacy; police/security forces; police/security forces complaints; sexual violence; social services; statistics; tribes/clans
Title:
Report of the Secretary-General on children and armed conflict in Somalia
Source:
Unites Nations. Security Council.
Date of Document:
22 December 2016
URL:
http://www.refworld.org/docid/587c85d74.html
Accessed Date:
6 March 2017
Title:
Gender in Somalia. Brief II.
Source:
United Nations. Development Program.
Date of Document:
23 February 2015
URL:
http://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/Gender%20in%20Somalia%20Brief%202.pdf
Accessed Date:
8 March 2016
Keywords:
abduction; children; conflict; female genital mutilation; femicide; gender equality; gender-based violence; internal displacement; judicial efficacy; labour; legal system; marriage; police/security forces; political activities; religion; sexual violence; social services; trafficking in persons
Title:
Report of the Monitoring Group on Somalia and Eritrea pursuant to Security Council resolution 2244 (2015): Somalia
Source:
United Nations. Security Council.
Date of Document:
31 October 2016
Page Numbers:
10-29; 32-35
URL:
http://www.un.org/ga/search/view_doc.asp?symbol=S/2016/919
Accessed Date:
6 March 2017
Title:
Somalia: Al-Shabaab – It Will Be a Long War. Africa Briefing No99.
Source:
International Crisis Group
Date of Document:
26 June 2014
URL:
https://www.crisisgroup.org/africa/horn-africa/somalia/somalia-al-shabaab-it-will-be-long-war
Accessed Date:
9 July 2014
Keywords:
abduction; armed groups; conflict; extralegal executions/killings; extremist/terrorist organizations; map; organized crime; political activities; political opposition; political organizations; religion; tribes/clans
Title:
Report of the Secretary-General on the situation with respect to piracy and armed robbery at sea off the coast of Somalia
Source:
United Nations. Security Council.
Date of Document:
7 October 2016
URL:
http://www.refworld.org/docid/57ff7e6d4.html
Accessed Date:
6 March 2017
Title:
Somaliland, including government structure, security, and access for internally displaced persons (IDPs) from Somalia
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
25 November 2011
URL:
http://irb-cisr.gc.ca/Eng/ResRec/RirRdi/Pages/index.aspx?doc=453690
Accessed Date:
17 January 2013
Keywords:
children; citizenship; conflict; crime; election; ethnic and national groups; extremist/terrorist organizations; female genital mutilation; freedom of expression; freedom of movement; freedom of the press; gangs; gender equality; gender-based violence; human rights activists; humanitarian situation; institutional efficacy; internal displacement; judicial efficacy; labour; legal system; legislation; political opposition; political organizations; sexual violence; social services; trafficking in persons; transport infrastructure; tribes/clans
Title:
Nowhere Else to Go: Forced Returns of Somali Refugees From Dadaab Refugee Camp, Kenya
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
14 November 2016
URL:
https://www.amnesty.org/en/documents/afr32/5118/2016/en/
Accessed Date:
6 March 2017
Title:
Internal Displacement in Somalia
Source:
Brookings Institution
Date of Document:
December 2014
URL:
http://www.brookings.edu/~/media/research/files/papers/2014/12/29-idp-humanitarian-reform-reports/brookings-idp-study-somalia-december-2014.pdf
Accessed Date:
8 March 2016
Keywords:
children; conflict; extralegal executions/killings; extremist/terrorist organizations; gender equality; gender-based violence; human rights activists; humanitarian situation; institutional efficacy; internal displacement; police/security forces; sexual violence; social services; tribes/clans
Title:
Somalia: over a million IDPs need support for local solutions
Source:
Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre
Date of Document:
18 March 2015
URL:
http://www.internal-displacement.org/sub-saharan-africa/somalia/2015/somalia-over-a-million-idps-need-support-for-local-solutions
Accessed Date:
8 March 2016
Keywords:
armed groups; children; conflict; crime; extremist/terrorist organizations; gender equality; gender-based violence; humanitarian situation; internal displacement; judicial efficacy; labour; legal system; map; marriage; police/security forces; sexual violence; social services; statistics; tribes/clans
Title:
Rapid Appraisal of Resilience to Internal Displacement in Benadir Region, Somalia
Source:
Horn of Africa Resilience Innovation Lab. RAN Secretariat. Makerere University.
Date of Document:
May 2015
URL:
http://www.ranlab.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/11/RAN_Somalia-Report_8-July-2015.pdf
Accessed Date:
8 March 2016
Keywords:
armed groups; children; conflict; country overview; crime; ethnic and national groups; extremist/terrorist organizations; gangs; gender equality; humanitarian situation; institutional efficacy; internal displacement; judicial efficacy; labour; map; minorities; religion; social services; statistics; tribes/clans
Title:
Somalia: Displacement in Gaalkacyo
Source:
Assessment Capacities Project; Start Network
Date of Document:
20 October 2016
URL:
https://www.acaps.org/sites/acaps/files/products/files/20161020_acaps_start_briefing_note_somalia_displacement_in_gaalkacyo.pdf
Accessed Date:
6 March 2017
Title:
Somali Clan Families
Source:
Sweden. Centre for Country of Origin Information and Analysis, Lifos.
URL:
https://lifos.migrationsverket.se/dokument?documentSummaryId=33911
Accessed Date:
12 March 2018
Title:
Situation in South and Central Somalia (including Mogadishu)
Source:
Asylum Research Consultancy
Date of Document:
25 January 2018
URL:
http://www.refworld.org/docid/5a6f16d44.html
Accessed Date:
12 March 2018
Title:
DFAT Country Information Report: Somalia
Source:
Australia. Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade.
Date of Document:
13 June 2017
URL:
http://dfat.gov.au/about-us/publications/Documents/country-information-report-somalia.pdf
Accessed Date:
12 March 2018
Title:
2.3 Somalia Road Network. Logistics Capacity Assessment.
Source:
World Food Programme
URL:
http://dlca.logcluster.org/display/public/DLCA/2.3+Somalia+Road+Network
Accessed Date:
12 March 2018
Title:
Protection of Civilians: Building the Foundation for Peace, Security and Human Rights in Somalia
Source:
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights; United Nations Assistance Mission in Somalia
Date of Document:
December 2017
URL:
https://unsom.unmissions.org/sites/default/files/protection_of_civilians_report_20171210_2.pdf
Accessed Date:
21 March 2018
Title:
Instruments of Pain (III): Conflict and Famine in Somalia. Africa Briefing N° 125.
Source:
International Crisis Group
Date of Document:
9 May 2017
URL:
https://d2071andvip0wj.cloudfront.net/b125-instruments-of-pain-iii.pdf
Accessed Date:
12 March 2018
Title:
Disability in Somalia. K4D Helpdesk Report.
Source:
Institute of Development Studies. Governance and Social Development Resource Centre.
Date of Document:
19 January 2018
Author:
Brigitte Rohwerder
URL:
http://www.gsdrc.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/266-Disability-in-Somalia.pdf
Accessed Date:
21 March 2018
Title:
Requirements and procedures to obtain a driver's license; appearance of driver's licenses (2015-July 2017)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
28 July 2017
URL:
http://irb-cisr.gc.ca/Eng/ResRec/RirRdi/Pages/index.aspx?doc=457163
Accessed Date:
13 March 2018
Title:
Information on circumstances under which the Somali government would cancel a passport; whether a passport holder can request a cancellation themselves; whether passport cancellation indicates revocation of citizenship (2013-June 2017)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
20 June 2017
URL:
http://irb-cisr.gc.ca/Eng/ResRec/RirRdi/Pages/index.aspx?doc=457092
Accessed Date:
9 March 2018
Title:
Canada and Somalia: Information on Temporary Resident Visas (TRV) and Temporary Resident Permits (TRP) issued to Somali citizens, including whether visas and permits are affixed to the Single Journey Travel Document (SJTD) or in a passport...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
5 October 2017
URL:
http://irb-cisr.gc.ca/Eng/ResRec/RirRdi/Pages/index.aspx?doc=457259
Accessed Date:
23 March 2018
Title:
Somalia, Ethiopia, Kenya, and the United States: Requirements and procedures for Somali citizens to obtain identity documents, including passports, at Somali embassies in Addis Ababa, Nairobi and Washington D.C. (2016-March 2018)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
23 February 2018
URL:
http://irb-cisr.gc.ca/Eng/ResRec/RirRdi/Pages/index.aspx?doc=457399
Accessed Date:
22 March 2018
Title:
Recognising Nairobi's Refugees: The Challenges and Significance of Documentation Proving Identity and Status
Source:
Norwegian Refugee Council; International Human Rights Clinic at Harvard Law School
Date of Document:
16 November 2017
URL:
https://www.nrc.no/globalassets/pdf/reports/refugees-in-nairobi/recognising-nairobis-refugees.pdf
Accessed Date:
12 March 2018
Title:
Documents required and procedures for selling a business or property in Mogadishu and Kismayo; documents required and procedures for obtaining a business license in Mogadishu and Kismayo (2014-June 2016)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
10 June 2016
URL:
http://irb-cisr.gc.ca/Eng/ResRec/RirRdi/Pages/index.aspx?doc=456562
Accessed Date:
22 March 2018
Title:
Whether persons born in Somaliland and in the Ogaden region of Ethiopia are entitled to Somali citizenship; citizenship status of women married to foreign nationals; requirements and procedures to obtain and reacquire Somali citizenship...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
9 March 2018
URL:
http://irb-cisr.gc.ca/Eng/ResRec/RirRdi/Pages/index.aspx?doc=457414
Accessed Date:
14 March 2018
Title:
Somalia 2016-2017 Limited Election Process. EU Election Expert Mission Final Report.
Source:
European Union Election Expert Mission to Somalia
Date of Document:
February 2017
URL:
https://eeas.europa.eu/sites/eeas/files/eu_eem_somalia_final_report.pdf
Accessed Date:
12 March 2018
Title:
Treatment of members and supporters of the Justice and Welfare Party (UCID) and suspected members and supporters of the Ogaden National Liberation Front (ONLF) by authorities in Somaliland, including whether the authorities cooperate with...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
1 December 2017
URL:
http://irb-cisr.gc.ca/Eng/ResRec/RirRdi/Pages/index.aspx?doc=457314
Accessed Date:
14 March 2018
Title:
Information on the Peace and Human Rights Network (PHRN, also known as INXA), including foundation, objectives, structure, and leadership; treatment of staff and supporters of human rights groups, including PHRN, by Al Shabaab (2005-2013)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
15 August 2017
URL:
http://irb-cisr.gc.ca/Eng/ResRec/RirRdi/Pages/index.aspx?doc=457175
Accessed Date:
22 March 2018
Title:
Women in Somalia – Pregnancies and Children out of Wedlock
Source:
Sweden. Centre for Country of Origin Information and Analysis, Lifos.
Date of Document:
1 June 2017
URL:
https://www.ecoi.net/file_upload/1226_1497947430_170601300.pdf
Accessed Date:
12 March 2018
Title:
Somalia Country Report: Children and Security
Source:
The Roméo Dallaire Child Soldiers Initiative
Date of Document:
31 January 2017
URL:
https://www.childsoldiers.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/Somalia-January-2017-Report-1.pdf
Accessed Date:
12 March 2018
Title:
“It's Like We're Always in a Prison”: Abuses Against Boys Accused of National Security Offenses in Somalia
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
21 February 2018
URL:
https://www.hrw.org/report/2018/02/21/its-were-always-prison/abuses-against-boys-accused-national-security-offenses
Accessed Date:
21 March 2018
Title:
Letter dated 2 November 2017 from the Monitoring Group on Somalia and Eritrea addressed to the Chair of the Security Council Committee pursuant to resolutions 751 (1992) and 1907 (2009) concerning Somalia and Eritrea
Source:
United Nations. Security Council.
Date of Document:
2 November 2017
URL:
http://undocs.org/en/s/2017/924
Accessed Date:
12 March 2018
Title:
Managing the Disruptive Aftermath of Somalia's Worst Terror Attack. Africa Briefing N°131.
Source:
International Crisis Group
Date of Document:
20 October 2017
URL:
https://d2071andvip0wj.cloudfront.net/b131-managing-disruptive-aftermath-of-somalias-worst-terror-attack.pdf
Accessed Date:
12 March 2018
Title:
Countering Al-Shabaab Propaganda and Recruitment Mechanisms in South Central Somalia
Source:
United Nations Assistance Mission in Somalia
Date of Document:
14 August 2017
URL:
https://unsom.unmissions.org/sites/default/files/countering_al-shabaab_propaganda_and_recruitment_mechanisms_report_final_-_14_august_2017.pdf
Accessed Date:
12 March 2018
Title:
Somalia – September 2017 Update
Source:
Armed Conflict Location and Event Data Project
Date of Document:
22 September 2017
URL:
http://www.crisis.acleddata.com/somalia-september-2017-update/
Accessed Date:
20 March 2018
Title:
Somalia. United States Commission on International Religious Freedom Annual Report 2017.
Source:
United States. Commission on International Religious Freedom.
Date of Document:
April 2017
URL:
http://www.uscirf.gov/sites/default/files/2017.USCIRFAnnualReport.pdf
Accessed Date:
20 March 2018
Title:
Somalia: Treatment of Religious Minorities.
Source:
United States. The Law Library of Congress. Global Legal Research Centre.
Date of Document:
July 2016
URL:
https://www.justice.gov/eoir/file/884961/download
Accessed Date:
20 March 2018
Title:
Information on the Dabare Waqbare sub-clan, including distinguishing features, locations, occupations and position in the clan hierarchy; treatment, including the ability of members to live in Mogadishu (2014-October 2017)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
25 October 2017
URL:
http://irb-cisr.gc.ca/Eng/ResRec/RirRdi/Pages/index.aspx?doc=457282
Accessed Date:
9 March 2018
Title:
Information on the Ogaden clan in Somaliland, including distinguishing features, locations, occupations and position in the clan hierarchy; treatment by the Somaliland authorities and by al-Shabaab (2015-October 2017)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
23 November 2017
URL:
http://irb-cisr.gc.ca/Eng/ResRec/RirRdi/Pages/index.aspx?doc=457304
Accessed Date:
22 March 2018
Title:
Information on the Gadsan clan, including history, cultural practices, locations, occupations and position in the clan hierarchy; relationship with other clans, authorities and Al Shabaab (2015-December 2017)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
14 December 2017
URL:
http://irb-cisr.gc.ca/Eng/ResRec/RirRdi/Pages/index.aspx?doc=457322
Accessed Date:
22 March 2018
Title:
Somaliland, including government structure, security, and presence of internally displaced persons (IDPs) from Somalia (2016-March 2018)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
23 March 2018
URL:
http://irb-cisr.gc.ca/Eng/ResRec/RirRdi/Pages/index.aspx?doc=457430
Accessed Date:
28 March 2018
Title:
Dadaab Returnee Conflict Assessment
Source:
Danish Demining Group
Date of Document:
August 2017
URL:
https://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/dadaab-returnee-conflict-assessment-ddg-2017.pdf
Accessed Date:
21 March 2018
Title:
A Review of the Legal Framework Relating to the Proposed closure of the Dadaab Refugee Camp and Repatriation of Somali Refugees
Source:
Thomson Reuters Foundation. TrustLaw.
Date of Document:
November 2017
URL:
https://www.nrc.no/resources/reports/a-review-of-the-legal-framework-relating-to-the-proposed-closure-of-the-dadaab-refugee-camp-and-repatriation-of-somali-refugees/
Accessed Date:
21 March 2018
Title:
Land Matters in Mogadishu: Settlement, ownership and displacement in a contested city
Source:
Rift Valley Institute; Heritage Institute for Policy Studies
URL:
http://riftvalley.net/publication/land-matters-mogadishu
Accessed Date:
21 March 2018
Title:
Mexico and Somalia: Visas and permits issued to Somali citizens to transit through Mexico (2016-March 2018)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
15 March 2018
URL:
http://irb-cisr.gc.ca/Eng/ResRec/RirRdi/Pages/index.aspx?doc=457424
Accessed Date:
28 March 2018
Title:
Somalia. Q&A: Representative of Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada. Research Directorate Session Transcript.
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
18 October 2017
URL:
http://irb-cisr.gc.ca/Eng/ResRec/Pages/somalia-questions-answers.aspx
Accessed Date:
21 March 2018
Title:
Somalia. Q&A: Political Advisor to the African Union Mission in Somalia. Research Directorate Session Transcript.
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
18 October 2017
URL:
http://irb-cisr.gc.ca/Eng/ResRec/Pages/somalia-questions-answers-amisom.aspx
Accessed Date:
21 March 2018
Title:
Information on refugees resettled in the US by the UNHCR, including status documents provided; ability to study, work, access social security, and travel outside the US; impact of travel outside the US on residency status and ability to ...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
5 April 2017
URL:
http://irb-cisr.gc.ca/Eng/ResRec/RirRdi/Pages/index.aspx?doc=456997
Accessed Date:
21 March 2018
Title:
Period of authorized stay for holders of visitor visas (B1, B2 and B1/B2) (2016-February 2018)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
6 February 2018
URL:
http://irb-cisr.gc.ca/Eng/ResRec/RirRdi/Pages/index.aspx?doc=457374
Accessed Date:
21 March 2018
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