National Documentation Packages (NDPs) are lists of public documents that provide information on country conditions. Updates occur on a regular basis.
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Jurisprudential Guides Notes
Jurisprudential Guides Notes
On
July 28, 2022, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being a
Jurisprudential Guide:
-
Decision TC1 05038 – The proper interpretation of the ‘generalized risk’ exception to protection found at subparagraph 97(1)(b)(ii) of the Act, in claims for protection involving allegations of gang-targeting or other acts of criminality.
On
December 22, 2020, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being a
Jurisprudential Guide.
-
Decision MB8-00025 – This Jurisprudential Guide addresses, in applying Article 1E of the Refugee Convention, whether members should consider allegations of risk in a country of residence if they conclude that a refugee claimant has the rights and obligations which are attached to the possession of nationality in that country.
On
July 6, 2018, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being a
Jurisprudential Guide.
-
Decision TB7-19851 – Nigeria – This Jurisprudential Guide addresses internal flight alternatives in major cities in south and central Nigeria for claimants fleeing non-state actors.
Revoked
The country documentation referenced in each of these decisions has been included in s.16 of the updated National Documentation Packages published on July 10, 2018.
On
July 20, 2017, the Chairperson identified the following Refugee Appeal Division decision as being
Jurisprudential Guides.
-
Decision TB7-01837 – Pakistan – Whether the treatment experienced by Ahmadis in Pakistan amounts to persecution, whether state protection is available and whether there is a viable internal flight alternative.
-
Decision MB6-01059/60 – India – Availability of an internal flight alternative in India for claimants from Punjab.
Revoked
-
Decision TB6-11632 – China – Analysis of the efficacy of the Chinese national computer network known as the Golden Shield Project and its impact on whether a person wanted by the authorities can exit China via an airport using a genuine passport.
Revoked
The country documentation referenced in each of these decisions has been included in s.16 of the updated National Documentation Packages published on July 20, 2017.
Back
29 September 2023
SINGAPORE
List of Documents
1.
General Information and Maps
Source:
United States. Central Intelligence Agency.
Publisher:
University of Texas
Accessed Date:
9 November 2012
Title:
Présentation de Singapour
Source:
France. Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères.
Date of Document:
2 June 2023
Accessed Date:
19 September 2023
Title:
Singapore. The World Factbook.
Source:
United States. Central Intelligence Agency.
Date of Document:
19 September 2023
Accessed Date:
26 September 2023
Title:
Singapour. L'aménagement linguistique dans le monde.
Source:
L'aménagement linguistique dans le monde
Date of Document:
8 May 2023
Accessed Date:
19 September 2023
Title:
Singapore. BTI 2022 Country Report.
Date of Document:
February 2022
Accessed Date:
19 September 2023
Title:
Singapore. Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2022.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
20 March 2023
Accessed Date:
19 September 2023
Title:
Singapore. Amnesty International Report 2022/2023: The State of the World's Human Rights.
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
27 March 2023
Accessed Date:
19 September 2023
Title:
Singapore. World Report 2023: Events of 2022.
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
January 2023
Accessed Date:
19 September 2023
Title:
Singapore. Freedom in the World 2023.
Accessed Date:
19 September 2023
Title:
National report submitted in accordance with paragraph 5 of the annex to Human Rights Council resolution 16/21: Singapore
Code:
A/HRC/WG.6/38/SGP/1
Date of Document:
11 February 2021
Accessed Date:
19 September 2023
Title:
Compilation on Singapore
Code:
A/HRC/WG.6/38/SGP/2
Source:
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights
Date of Document:
26 February 2021
Accessed Date:
19 September 2023
Title:
Summary of Stakeholders' submissions on Singapore
Code:
A/HRC/WG.6/38/SGP/3
Source:
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights
Date of Document:
25 February 2021
Accessed Date:
19 September 2023
Title:
Singapore: Suppression of Activists, Critics Continues ahead of Elections
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
16 May 2023
Accessed Date:
19 September 2023
3.
Identification Documents and Citizenship
Title:
Part 10: Citizenship. Constitution of the Republic of Singapore (2020 Revised Edition).
Accessed Date:
19 September 2023
Title:
Singapore Citizenship Rules (amended 2018)
Accessed Date:
19 September 2023
Title:
Whether a male foreign national can obtain citizenship or permanent residence by marriage to a female citizen of Singapore, including requirements and procedures (2012-2013)
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
26 June 2013
Accessed Date:
29 May 2014
Title:
Singapore. U.S. Visa: Reciprocity and Civil Documents by Country
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Accessed Date:
26 September 2023
Title:
Report on Citizenship Law: Malaysia and Singapore
Source:
Robert Schuman Centre for Advanced Studies. Global Citizenship Observatory.
Date of Document:
February 2017
Accessed Date:
7 April 2017
4.
Political Activities and Organizations
Title:
Republic of Singapore. Election for Singaporean Parliament of 10 July 2020.
Source:
International Foundation for Electoral Systems. Election Guide.
Accessed Date:
19 September 2023
Title:
Candidate close to establishment wins Singapore presidential race
Date of Document:
1 September 2023
Accessed Date:
26 September 2023
5.
Gender, Domestic Violence and Children
Title:
Women's Charter (2020 Revised Edition)
Accessed Date:
20 September 2023
Title:
White Paper on Singapore Women's Development. Towards a fairer and more inclusive society.
Source:
SG Together; Celebrating SG Women
Accessed Date:
20 September 2023
Title:
Sixth periodic report submitted by Singapore under article 18 of the Convention, due in 2021
Date of Document:
29 December 2021
Accessed Date:
20 September 2023
Title:
Singapore. Our Identities Under Arrest: A global overview on the enforcement of laws criminalizing consensual same-sex sexual acts between adults and diverse gender expressions.
Source:
International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Association
Date of Document:
15 December 2021
Editor:
Lucas Ramón Mendos
Accessed Date:
20 September 2023
Title:
Universal Periodic Review of Singapore. 38th Session of the UPR Working Group. Joint Stakeholder Submission.
Source:
Transgender SG et al.
Date of Document:
October 2020
Accessed Date:
20 September 2023
Title:
News Release – Singapore: UN Human Rights Office welcomes repealing of Section 377A of the Penal Code and decriminalisation of consensual sexual relation between men
Source:
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights
Date of Document:
3 December 2022
Accessed Date:
20 September 2023
Title:
In Post-Repeal Singapore, LGBTQ Activists Work to Expand Family Structures
Date of Document:
22 June 2023
Accessed Date:
26 September 2023
7.
Criminality and Corruption
Title:
Singapore: Tier 1. Trafficking in Persons Report 2023.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
June 2023
Accessed Date:
26 September 2023
Title:
OSAC Country Security Report. Singapore.
Source:
United States. Overseas Security Advisory Council.
Date of Document:
6 September 2023
Accessed Date:
26 September 2023
Title:
Singapore. Country Reports on Terrorism 2021.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
27 February 2023
Accessed Date:
26 September 2023
Title:
Enlistment Act (2020 Revised Edition)
Accessed Date:
20 September 2023
Title:
Compulsory military service, including requirements and exemptions; whether individuals with medical exemption face difficulties in employment; penalties for evasion and desertion; cases of recruits being harmed or killed during military training...
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
17 April 2015
Accessed Date:
31 May 2017
9.
Judiciary, Legal and Penal Systems
Title:
Criminal Breach of Trust, including sentencing requirements
Source:
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Date of Document:
26 June 2013
Accessed Date:
29 May 2014
Title:
Update: A Guide to the Singapore Legal System and Legal Research
Date of Document:
August 2021
Accessed Date:
20 September 2023
10.
Police and Security Forces - (No items in this section)
Title:
Singapore. Freedom on the Net 2022.
Editor:
Adrian Shahbaz et al.
Accessed Date:
20 September 2023
Title:
Singapore. International Religious Freedom Report for 2022.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
15 May 2023
Accessed Date:
20 September 2023
13.
Nationality, Ethnicity and Race
Title:
Concluding observations on the initial report of Singapore
Source:
United Nations. Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination.
Date of Document:
2 February 2022
Accessed Date:
20 September 2023
14.
Exit/Entry and Freedom of Movement - (No items in this section)
15.
Labour, Employment and Unions - (No items in this section)
16.
Other - (No items in this section)
The following changes have been made to the previous package dated 31 March 2020:
Title:
Singapore. The World Factbook.
Source:
United States. Central Intelligence Agency.
Date of Document:
8 May 2018
URL:
https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/sn.html
Accessed Date:
10 May 2018
Title:
Singapore. Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2019.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
11 March 2020
URL:
https://www.state.gov/reports/2019-country-reports-on-human-rights-practices/singapore/
Accessed Date:
18 March 2020
Title:
Singapore. Amnesty International Report 2017/2018: The State of the World's Human Rights.
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
22 February 2018
URL:
https://www.amnesty.org/en/countries/asia-and-the-pacific/singapore/report-singapore/
Accessed Date:
3 May 2018
Title:
Singapore. World Report 2018: Events of 2017.
Source:
Human Rights Watch
Date of Document:
January 2018
URL:
http://www.hrw.org/world-report/2018/country-chapters/singapore
Accessed Date:
3 May 2018
Title:
Singapore. Freedom in the World 2018.
URL:
https://freedomhouse.org/report/freedom-world/2018/singapore
Accessed Date:
23 May 2018
Title:
Part X: Citizenship. Constitution of the Republic of Singapore.
URL:
https://sso.agc.gov.sg/Act/CONS1963#P1X-
Accessed Date:
24 May 2017
Title:
Singapore Citizenship Rules
URL:
https://sso.agc.gov.sg/SL/CONS1963-R1?DocDate=19990701&ValidDate=20160526&TransactionDate=20160526
Accessed Date:
7 April 2017
Title:
Singapore Reciprocity Schedule
Source:
United States. Department of State.
URL:
https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/us-visas/Visa-Reciprocity-and-Civil-Documents-by-Country/Singapore.html
Accessed Date:
3 May 2018
Title:
Women's Charter (Chapter 353). The Statutes of the Republic of Singapore.
URL:
https://sso.agc.gov.sg/Act/WC1961
Accessed Date:
31 May 2017
Title:
Singapore: Tier 2. Trafficking in Persons Report 2017.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
June 2017
URL:
https://www.state.gov/reports/2018-trafficking-in-persons-report/singapore/
Accessed Date:
3 May 2018
Title:
Singapore. Country Reports on Terrorism 2016.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
June 2017
URL:
https://www.state.gov/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/crt_2016.pdf
Accessed Date:
3 May 2018
Title:
Enlistment Act (Chapter 93). The Statutes of the Republic of Singapore.
URL:
https://sso.agc.gov.sg/Act/EA1970
Accessed Date:
31 May 2017
Title:
Singapore. Freedom on the Net 2017.
URL:
https://freedomhouse.org/report/freedom-net/2017/singapore
Accessed Date:
3 May 2018
Title:
Singapore. International Religious Freedom Report for 2017.
Source:
United States. Department of State.
Date of Document:
29 May 2018
URL:
https://www.state.gov/reports/2017-report-on-international-religious-freedom/singapore/
Accessed Date:
30 May 2018
Title:
Singapour. L'Encyclopédie en ligne.
URL:
http://www.larousse.fr/encyclopedie/cartes/Singapour/1306135
Accessed Date:
9 November 2012
Title:
National Report Submitted in Accordance with Paragraph 5 of the Annex to Human Rights Council Resolution 16/21: Singapore
Code:
A/HRC/WG.6/24/SGP/1
Date of Document:
28 October 2015
URL:
http://undocs.org/en/A/HRC/WG.6/24/SGP/1
Accessed Date:
14 April 2016
Keywords:
children; country overview; ethnic and national groups; freedom of assembly; freedom of expression; gender equality; gender-based violence; Internet; labour; legal system; penal system; religion; sexual minorities; social services; statistics; trafficking in persons
Title:
Republic Of Singapore. Election for parliament of 11 September 2015.
Source:
International Foundation for Electoral Systems. Election Guide.
URL:
http://www.electionguide.org/elections/id/2715/
Accessed Date:
31 May 2017
Title:
I. Political Transformation. Transformation Index 2018 Country Report: Singapore.
Source:
Bertelsmann Stiftung
URL:
http://www.bti-project.org/en/reports/country-reports/detail/itc/SGP/
Accessed Date:
10 May 2018
Title:
Singapore. Social Institutions and Gender Index 2014.
Source:
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
URL:
http://www.genderindex.org/country/singapore
Accessed Date:
27 May 2015
Keywords:
domestic violence; family law; gender equality; gender-based violence; marriage; sexual violence; social services
Title:
Consideration of reports submitted by States parties under article 18 of the Convention. Fifth periodic report of States parties due in 2015. Singapore.
Date of Document:
11 January 2016
URL:
http://undocs.org/en/CEDAW/C/SGP/5
Accessed Date:
7 April 2017
Title:
Singapore. State-Sponsored Homophobia 2017: A world survey of sexual orientation laws: criminalisation, protection and recognition. 12th Edition.
Source:
International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Association
Date of Document:
May 2017
Author:
Aengus Carroll; Lucas Ramón Mendos
URL:
http://ilga.org/downloads/2017/ILGA_State_Sponsored_Homophobia_2017_WEB.pdf
Accessed Date:
24 May 2017
Title:
Singapore. 2018 Crime and Safety Report.
Source:
United States. Overseas Security Advisory Council.
Date of Document:
30 April 2018
URL:
https://www.osac.gov/Content/Report/a00ffb4d-af2e-4c38-b736-15f4ae627c01
Accessed Date:
10 May 2018
Title:
Singapore: The legal rights we don't have
Source:
Asian Correspondent
Date of Document:
28 February 2016
URL:
https://asiancorrespondent.com/2016/02/singapore-the-legal-rights-we-dont-have/
Accessed Date:
18 April 2016
Keywords:
legal system; legislation
Title:
Singapore. Update on the Rule of Law for Human Rights in ASEAN: The Path to Integration.
Source:
Human Rights Resource Centre
Date of Document:
June 2016
URL:
http://hrrca.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/09.-Singapore1.pdf
Accessed Date:
31 May 2017
Title:
Singapore. Freedom of the Press 2015.
URL:
https://freedomhouse.org/report/freedom-press/2015/singapore
Accessed Date:
18 April 2016
Keywords:
freedom of expression; freedom of the press; Internet; legal system; legislation
Title:
Singapore. Freedom on the Net 2022.
Editor:
Adrian Shahbaz et al.
URL:
https://freedomhouse.org/country/singapore/freedom-net/2022
Accessed Date:
20 September 2023
Title:
Présentation de Singapour
Source:
France. Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères.
Date of Document:
2 June 2023
URL:
https://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/fr/dossiers-pays/singapour/presentation-de-singapour/
Accessed Date:
19 September 2023
Title:
Singapour. L'aménagement linguistique dans le monde.
Source:
L'aménagement linguistique dans le monde
Date of Document:
8 May 2023
URL:
https://www.axl.cefan.ulaval.ca/asie/singa.htm
Accessed Date:
19 September 2023
Title:
Singapore. BTI 2022 Country Report.
Date of Document:
February 2022
URL:
https://bti-project.org/en/reports/country-report/SGP
Accessed Date:
19 September 2023
Title:
National report submitted in accordance with paragraph 5 of the annex to Human Rights Council resolution 16/21: Singapore
Code:
A/HRC/WG.6/38/SGP/1
Date of Document:
11 February 2021
URL:
http://undocs.org/en/A/HRC/WG.6/38/SGP/1
Accessed Date:
19 September 2023
Title:
Compilation on Singapore
Code:
A/HRC/WG.6/38/SGP/2
Source:
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights
Date of Document:
26 February 2021
URL:
http://undocs.org/en/A/HRC/WG.6/38/SGP/2
Accessed Date:
19 September 2023
Title:
Summary of Stakeholders' submissions on Singapore
Code:
A/HRC/WG.6/38/SGP/3
Source:
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights
Date of Document:
25 February 2021
URL:
http://undocs.org/en/A/HRC/WG.6/38/SGP/3
Accessed Date:
19 September 2023
Title:
Singapore: Suppression of Activists, Critics Continues ahead of Elections
Source:
Amnesty International
Date of Document:
16 May 2023
URL:
https://www.amnesty.org/en/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/ASA3667882023ENGLISH.pdf
Accessed Date:
19 September 2023
Title:
Republic of Singapore. Election for Singaporean Parliament of 10 July 2020.
Source:
International Foundation for Electoral Systems. Election Guide.
URL:
https://www.electionguide.org/elections/id/3338/
Accessed Date:
19 September 2023
Title:
Candidate close to establishment wins Singapore presidential race
Date of Document:
1 September 2023
URL:
https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/former-ruling-party-member-wins-singapore-presidential-race-elections-department-2023-09-01/
Accessed Date:
26 September 2023
Title:
White Paper on Singapore Women's Development. Towards a fairer and more inclusive society.
Source:
SG Together; Celebrating SG Women
URL:
https://www.reach.gov.sg/docs/default-source/reach/reach-files/media-document/white-paper-on-singapore-womens-development.pdf
Accessed Date:
20 September 2023
Title:
Sixth periodic report submitted by Singapore under article 18 of the Convention, due in 2021
Date of Document:
29 December 2021
URL:
http://undocs.org/en/CEDAW/C/SGP/6
Accessed Date:
20 September 2023
Title:
Singapore. Our Identities Under Arrest: A global overview on the enforcement of laws criminalizing consensual same-sex sexual acts between adults and diverse gender expressions.
Source:
International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Association
Date of Document:
15 December 2021
Editor:
Lucas Ramón Mendos
URL:
https://ilga.org/downloads/Our_Identities_Under_Arrest_2021.pdf
Accessed Date:
20 September 2023
Title:
Universal Periodic Review of Singapore. 38th Session of the UPR Working Group. Joint Stakeholder Submission.
Source:
Transgender SG et al.
Date of Document:
October 2020
URL:
https://transgendersg.com/upr-report.pdf
Accessed Date:
20 September 2023
Title:
News Release – Singapore: UN Human Rights Office welcomes repealing of Section 377A of the Penal Code and decriminalisation of consensual sexual relation between men
Source:
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights
Date of Document:
3 December 2022
URL:
https://bangkok.ohchr.org/consensual-sex-decriminalisation-singapore/
Accessed Date:
20 September 2023
Title:
In Post-Repeal Singapore, LGBTQ Activists Work to Expand Family Structures
Date of Document:
22 June 2023
URL:
https://thediplomat.com/2023/06/in-post-repeal-singapore-lgbtq-activists-work-to-expand-family-structures/
Accessed Date:
26 September 2023
Title:
OSAC Country Security Report. Singapore.
Source:
United States. Overseas Security Advisory Council.
Date of Document:
6 September 2023
URL:
https://www.osac.gov/Content/Report/b7a3c1e6-630b-4cd9-abc5-1c2ea2b19903
Accessed Date:
26 September 2023
Title:
Update: A Guide to the Singapore Legal System and Legal Research
Date of Document:
August 2021
URL:
https://www.nyulawglobal.org/globalex/Singapore1.html
Accessed Date:
20 September 2023
Title:
Concluding observations on the initial report of Singapore
Source:
United Nations. Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination.
Date of Document:
2 February 2022
URL:
http://undocs.org/en/CERD/C/SGP/CO/1
Accessed Date:
20 September 2023
Disclaimer
National Documentation Packages (NDPs) include country-of-origin information that is publicly accessible at the time of publication and available within time constraints. While the Research Directorate strives to maintain the
NDP with current information, the research is not exhaustive and country conditions can change rapidly. Members of the public are invited to
suggest documents they feel are relevant to the
NDP.
NDPs are not, and do not purport to be, conclusive as to the merit of any particular claim for refugee protection. Rather, they are intended to support the refugee determination process. The assessment and weight to be given to the information in the
NDPs are the responsibility of independent
IRB members (decision-makers) after considering the evidence and arguments presented by the parties.
All sources are fully cited, including a hyperlink, to facilitate the location of the information. The
IRB will attempt to ensure that these links are maintained for the most recent
NDP. It cannot guarantee or be responsible for:
- the functionality of links to external sources,
- the content accessed by these links,
- the availability of external content in both English and French,
- any other part of a third party website.
The information presented in
NDPs solely reflects the views and perspectives of the sources cited and does not necessarily reflect the position of the
IRB or the Government of Canada.